Dependent variables|| | Independent variables‡ | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Household income | |||||||||
Unadjusted§ | Trend p-value† | Adjusted§ | Trend p-value† | ||||||
Group | OR | 95 % CI | p-value | OR | 95 % CI | p-value | |||
Taking care of one’s diet for healtha | <3,000,000 JPY | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | ||
3,000,000 JPY–7,000,000 JPY | 1.53 | 1.27–1.83 | <0.001*** | 1.43 | 1.17–1.75 | 0.001** | |||
>7,000,000 JPY | 2.28 | 1.84–2.83 | <0.001*** | 1.98 | 1.55–2.54 | <0.001*** | |||
Eating vegetablesb | <3,000,000 JPY | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | ||
3,000,000 JPY–7,000,000 JPY | 1.76 | 1.48–2.09 | <0.001*** | 1.51 | 1.25–1.83 | <0.001*** | |||
>7,000,000 JPY | 2.32 | 1.92–2.80 | <0.001*** | 1.79 | 1.44–2.22 | <0.001*** | |||
Frequency of eating breakfastc | <3,000,000 JPY | 1.00 | (ref) | 0.002** | 1.00 | (ref) | 0.498 | ||
3,000,000 JPY–7,000,000 JPY | 1.43 | 1.20–1.70 | <0.001*** | 1.10 | 0.90–1.34 | 0.365 | |||
>7,000,000 JPY | 1.35 | 1.11–1.64 | 0.003** | 0.94 | 0.75–1.18 | 0.592 | |||
Frequency of family breakfastsc | <3,000,000 JPY | 1.00 | (ref) | 0.001** | 1.00 | (ref) | 0.019* | ||
3,000,000 JPY–7,000,000 JPY | 1.47 | 1.22–1.78 | <0.001*** | 0.87 | 0.70–1.08 | 0.192 | |||
>7,000,000 JPY | 1.43 | 1.16–1.75 | 0.001** | 0.73 | 0.58–0.94 | 0.013* | |||
Frequency of family dinnersc | <3,000,000 JPY | 1.00 | (ref) | 0.443 | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | ||
3,000,000 JPY–7,000,000 JPY | 1.38 | 1.17–1.64 | <0.001*** | 0.76 | 0.62–0.94 | 0.010* | |||
>7,000,000 JPY | 1.06 | 0.88–1.28 | 0.551 | 0.51 | 0.40–0.65 | <0.001*** | |||
Using the information on nutrition labelsb | <3,000,000 JPY | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | ||
3,000,000 JPY–7,000,000 JPY | 1.29 | 1.09–1.53 | 0.003** | 1.24 | 1.03–1.50 | 0.024* | |||
>7,000,000 JPY | 1.80 | 1.50–2.17 | <0.001*** | 1.63 | 1.31–2.02 | <0.001*** | |||
Conversations with family or friends during mealsb | <3,000,000 JPY | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | 1.00 | (ref) | <0.001*** | ||
3,000,000 JPY–7,000,000 JPY | 1.46 | 1.23–1.73 | <0.001*** | 1.10 | 0.91–1.33 | 0.342 | |||
>7,000,000 JPY | 2.20 | 1.82–2.65 | <0.001*** | 1.47 | 1.18–1.83 | 0.001** |