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Table 3 Comparison of factors associated with diabetes in the sample population

From: The prevalence, risk factors, and screening measure for prediabetes and diabetes among Emirati overweight/obese children and adolescents

Parameters

 

Normal (n = 967)

Pre DM (n = 56)

DM (n = 9)

P value

Age (years)

 

14.7 (13.2 – 16.2)

14.7 (13.0 – 15.9)

15.6 (15.0 – 17.7)

0.136

Sex (%)

Female

435 (94.3)

23 (4.9)

3 (0.65)

0.669

Male

523 (93.2)

33 (5.8)

6 (1.1)

 

BMI % ile (%)

Overweight

215 (95.6)

10 (4.4)

0

0.259

Obese

748 (93.2)

46 (5.7)

9 (1.1)

 

BMI Z-score

 

2.0 (1.7 – 2.3)

2.1 (1.8 – 2.4)

2.2 (2.1 – 2.4)

0.041

WC (cm)

 

95.0 (86.0 – 104.9)

96.0 (89.8 – 105.0)

104.0 (99.0 – 114.0)

0.096

Waist to Height ratio

 

0.6 (0.5 – 0.7)

0.6 (0.6 – 0.7)

0.6 (0.6 – 0.7)

0.108

SBP (mmHg)

 

118.0 (110.0 – 126.0)

120.0 (110.0 – 130.0)

116.0 (110.0 – 121.0)

0.452

DBP (mmHg)

 

70.0 (65.0 – 80.0)

70.0 (65.0 – 80.0)

74.0 (67.0 – 77.0)

0.873

Parental employment

Neither (%)

267 (91.1)

21 (7.1)

5 (1.7)

0.118

One parent (%)

508 (94.9)

25 (4.6)

2 (0.4)

 

Both parents (%)

152 (94.4)

7 (4.3)

2 (1.24)

 

1st degree relative (%)

No

326 (94.8)

18 (5.2)

0.0

0.028

Yes

280 (91.2)

22 (7.2)

5 (1.63)

 

TG (mmol/L)

Normal

256 (84.1)

45 (15.1)

2 (0.7)

0.019

High

31 (70.5)

11 (25.0)

2 (4.6)

 

Cholesterol (mmol/L)

Normal

266 (82.5)

53 (16.5)

3 (0.9)

0.322

High

21 (84)

3 (12.5)

1 (4.0)

 

HDL (mmol/L)

Low

93 (79.5)

22 (17.1)

2 (1.7)

0.491

Normal

168 (85.3)

28 (14.2)

2 (1.7)

 

High

19 (79.2)

5 (20.8)

0.0

 

LDL (mmol/L)

Normal

272 (83.4)

51 (15.6)

3 (0.9)

0.187

High

5 (62.5)

3 (37.5)

0

 
  1. Median values with quartiles (q1–q3) are shown. We used Kruskal–Wallis test to compare continuous variables; Fisher’s exact to compare categorical variables. Significance level = p < 0.05