The impact of the combination of income and education on the incidence of coronary heart disease in the prospective Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort study

Table 2 Incident CHD events, incidence rates, and hazard ratios for income-education categories e in REGARDS participants

	High income-high education n = 11155	Low income^a-high education n = 7955	High income-low education^b n = 293	Low income^a- low education^b n = 2009
Events, n	335	325	14	135
Age-adjusted Incidence Rate per 1000 person-years (95 % CI)	5.2 (4.7–5.8)	6.3 (5.6–7.1)	8.1 (4.8–13.7)	10.1 (8.4–12.1)
p-value for difference compared to high income/high education	ref	0.02	0.10	<.001
Models
Crude Analysis (95 % CI)	ref	1.42 (1.22–1.65)	1.66 (0.96–2.86)	2.51 (2.08–3.03)
Model 1 HR (95 % CI)	ref	1.40 (1.19–1.64)	1.43 (0.84–2.45)	2.15 (1.75–2.63)
Model 2 HR (95 % CI)	ref	1.10 (0.93–1.29)	1.18 (0.69–2.02)	1.45 (1.18–1.80)
Model 3 HR (95 % CI)	ref	1.07 (0.92–1.27)	1.18 (0.69–2.03)	1.42 (1.14–1.76)

^aLow income defined as annual household income <$35,000
^bLow education defined as <high school education
Model 1 adjusts for sex, age, race, and geographic region of residence
Model 2 adjusts for smoking, physical activity, and alcohol consumption
Model 3 adjusts for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein, albumin-to-creatinine ratio, baseline cardiovascular disease (stroke,, peripheral vascular disease, aortic aneurism), diabetes, statins, antihypertensive medications, insulin, insurance status, baseline depressive symptoms and perceived stress
HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval

ISSN: 1471-2458