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Table 3 Linear mixed models for all respondents regressing Effort Reward Imbalance on Workplace Health Promotione exposures

From: Does workplace health promotion contribute to job stress reduction? Three-year findings from Partnering Healthy@Work

 

Men

 

Women

 
 

2010

2013

 

2010

2013

 

Outcome measure

βa

95 % CI

β

95 % CI

p b

βa

95 % CI

β

95 % CI

p

ERI (mean)

0.371

0.351

0.351

0.410

0.384

0.435

<0.001

0.373

0.357

0.357

0.366

0.344

0.387

0.414

 Reward

47.88

45.63

50.13

44.97

42.28

42.28

<0.001

47.41

46.71

48.10

47.73

47.19

48.26

0.267

  Self-esteem

21.95

21.26

22.64

21.10

20.29

21.90

0.002

21.65

21.20

22.10

21.65

21.32

21.98

0.897

  Job security

8.77

7.84

9.70

7.12

6.09

8.14

<0.001

8.39

8.22

8.55

8.26

7.88

8.63

0.488

  Career promotion

16.32

14.96

17.69

15.10

13.66

16.54

<0.001

16.36

15.96

16.76

16.68

16.34

17.01

0.010

 Effort

10.13

9.69

10.56

10.80

10.40

11.21

<0.001

9.99

9.60

10.38

9.85

9.31

10.38

0.494

Exposure

βc

95 % CI

β

95 % CI

p

βc

95 % CI

β

95 % CI

p

WHP Availability

(~n = 947)

(~n = 906)

 

(~n = 2396)

(~n = 2283)

 

ERI

−0.006

−0.011

−0.001

−0.008

−0.013

−0.002

0.008

−0.003

−0.001

0.003

−0.004

−0.007

−0.002

0.002d

 Reward

0.332

−0.185

0.848

0.295

−0.156

−0.156

0.218

0.161

0.029

0.293

0.154

0.020

0.288

0.020

  Self-esteem

0.040

−0.317

0.397

0.037

−0.295

0.369

0.827

0.135

0.062

0.207

0.128

0.050

0.206

<0.001

  Job security

0.059

−0.018

0.136

0.148

0.012

0.283

0.043d

−0.042

−0.096

0.012

−0.035

−0.090

0.019

0.135

  Career promotion

0.088

−0.034

0.211

0.076

−0.026

0.178

0.167

0.027

−0.080

0.134

0.026

−0.087

−0.087

0.627

WHP Participation

(~n = 735)

(~n = 759)

 

(~n = 1804)

(~n = 1881)

 

 Effort

−0.024

−0.036

−0.012

−0.023

−0.035

−0.012

<0.001

0.011

−0.015

0.036

0.011

−0.013

0.034

0.420

  1. aEstimated scale score excluding exposure after back-transformation and controlling for confounders
  2. b p-value of linear mixed models regressing the outcome measure on survey year. Models were adjusted for age
  3. cValues represent the results from linear mixed models including exposure variable. Beta values have been back-transformed to estimate the coefficient on the original scale
  4. dRepresents interaction term present in model
  5. eThe results are based on a composite measure that includes all forms of workplace health promotion [WHP] (i.e., policy, amenities, injury support, health risk assessment, physical activities, health education, stress/mental health)