| |
Men
| |
Women
| |
|---|
| |
2010
|
2013
| |
2010
|
2013
| |
|---|
|
Outcome measure
|
βa
|
95 % CI
|
β
|
95 % CI
|
p
b
|
βa
|
95 % CI
|
β
|
95 % CI
|
p
|
|---|
|
ERI (mean)
|
0.371
|
0.351
|
0.351
|
0.410
|
0.384
|
0.435
|
<0.001
|
0.373
|
0.357
|
0.357
|
0.366
|
0.344
|
0.387
|
0.414
|
|
Reward
|
47.88
|
45.63
|
50.13
|
44.97
|
42.28
|
42.28
|
<0.001
|
47.41
|
46.71
|
48.10
|
47.73
|
47.19
|
48.26
|
0.267
|
|
Self-esteem
|
21.95
|
21.26
|
22.64
|
21.10
|
20.29
|
21.90
|
0.002
|
21.65
|
21.20
|
22.10
|
21.65
|
21.32
|
21.98
|
0.897
|
|
Job security
|
8.77
|
7.84
|
9.70
|
7.12
|
6.09
|
8.14
|
<0.001
|
8.39
|
8.22
|
8.55
|
8.26
|
7.88
|
8.63
|
0.488
|
|
Career promotion
|
16.32
|
14.96
|
17.69
|
15.10
|
13.66
|
16.54
|
<0.001
|
16.36
|
15.96
|
16.76
|
16.68
|
16.34
|
17.01
|
0.010
|
|
Effort
|
10.13
|
9.69
|
10.56
|
10.80
|
10.40
|
11.21
|
<0.001
|
9.99
|
9.60
|
10.38
|
9.85
|
9.31
|
10.38
|
0.494
|
|
Exposure
|
βc
|
95 % CI
|
β
|
95 % CI
|
p
|
βc
|
95 % CI
|
β
|
95 % CI
|
p
|
|
WHP Availability
|
(~n = 947)
|
(~n = 906)
| |
(~n = 2396)
|
(~n = 2283)
| |
|
ERI
|
−0.006
|
−0.011
|
−0.001
|
−0.008
|
−0.013
|
−0.002
|
0.008
|
−0.003
|
−0.001
|
0.003
|
−0.004
|
−0.007
|
−0.002
|
0.002d
|
|
Reward
|
0.332
|
−0.185
|
0.848
|
0.295
|
−0.156
|
−0.156
|
0.218
|
0.161
|
0.029
|
0.293
|
0.154
|
0.020
|
0.288
|
0.020
|
|
Self-esteem
|
0.040
|
−0.317
|
0.397
|
0.037
|
−0.295
|
0.369
|
0.827
|
0.135
|
0.062
|
0.207
|
0.128
|
0.050
|
0.206
|
<0.001
|
|
Job security
|
0.059
|
−0.018
|
0.136
|
0.148
|
0.012
|
0.283
|
0.043d
|
−0.042
|
−0.096
|
0.012
|
−0.035
|
−0.090
|
0.019
|
0.135
|
|
Career promotion
|
0.088
|
−0.034
|
0.211
|
0.076
|
−0.026
|
0.178
|
0.167
|
0.027
|
−0.080
|
0.134
|
0.026
|
−0.087
|
−0.087
|
0.627
|
|
WHP Participation
|
(~n = 735)
|
(~n = 759)
| |
(~n = 1804)
|
(~n = 1881)
| |
|
Effort
|
−0.024
|
−0.036
|
−0.012
|
−0.023
|
−0.035
|
−0.012
|
<0.001
|
0.011
|
−0.015
|
0.036
|
0.011
|
−0.013
|
0.034
|
0.420
|
-
aEstimated scale score excluding exposure after back-transformation and controlling for confounders
-
b
p-value of linear mixed models regressing the outcome measure on survey year. Models were adjusted for age
-
cValues represent the results from linear mixed models including exposure variable. Beta values have been back-transformed to estimate the coefficient on the original scale
-
dRepresents interaction term present in model
-
eThe results are based on a composite measure that includes all forms of workplace health promotion [WHP] (i.e., policy, amenities, injury support, health risk assessment, physical activities, health education, stress/mental health)
