Skip to main content

Table 4 Binary logistic regression modelling of osteoarthritis

From: Osteoarthritis prevalence and modifiable factors: a population study

Total samplec

Odds ratio (95 % CI); p-value

 

Knee osteoarthritis

Hip osteoarthritis

BMI – clinic assessed

 Under/ normal weight (n = 508)

–

–

 Overweight (n = 547)

1.94 (95 % CI: 0.87, 4.32); p = 0.105

1.45 (95 % CI: 0.64, 3.27); p = 0.369

 Obese (n = 509)

4.37 (95 % CI: 2.08, 9.20); p <0.001

2.52 (95 % CI: 1.17, 5.43); p = 0.018

Daily activity

 Sit/not walk (n = 359)

–

–

 Stand/walk (n = 700)

1.11 (95 % CI: 0.62, 2.00); p = 0.725

0.50 (95 % CI: 0.26, 0.96); p = 0.038

 Light work load (n = 433)

0.72 (95 % CI: 0.36, 1.44); p = 0.354

0.45 (95 % CI: 0.21, 0.95); p = 0.037

 Heavy workloads (n = 72)

1.00 (95 % CI: 0.27, 3.69); p = 0.995

1.51 (95 % CI: 0.47, 4.79); p = 0.488

Sports

 Weekly leisure activity (score ≤23, %) (n = 682)

–

–

 Weekly leisure activity (score ≥24, %) (n = 882)

0.67 (95 % CI: 0.41, 1.11); p = 0.124

1.21 (95 % CI: 0.69, 2.12); p = 0.508

Vitamin C - clinic interview a

 Less (n = 928)

–

–

 Recommendation (n = 636)

1.35 (95 % CI: 0.82, 2.21); p = 0.237

0.52 (95 % CI 0.29, 0.96); p = 0.035

Vitamin D - clinic interview b

 Less (n = 1401)

–

–

 Recommendation (n = 163)

1.48 (95 % CI: 0.67, 3.28); p = 0.328

1.73 (95 % CI 0.67, 4.44); p = 0.258

Sex: Maled

BMI – clinic assessed

 Under/ normal weight (n = 136)

–

–

 Overweight (n = 211)

1.90 (95 % CI: 0.60, 6.08); p = 0.277

0.81 (95 % CI: 0.28, 2.32); p = 0.690

 Obese (n = 179)

2.90 (95 % CI: 0.93, 9.02); p = 0.066

0.99 (95 % CI: 0.35, 2.82); p = 0.992

Daily activity

 Sit/not walk (n = 142)

–

–

 Stand/walk (n = 214)

1.42 (95 % CI: 0.58, 3.46); p = 0.441

0.59 (95 % CI: 0.22, 1.65); p = 0.317

 Light work load (n = 131)

1.02 (95 % CI: 0.37, 2.81); p = 0.968

0.45 (95 % CI: 0.14, 1.49); p = 0.193

 Heavy workloads (n = 39)

0.47 (95 % CI: 0.05, 4.41); p = 0.508

1.32 (95 % CI: 0.34, 5.17); p = 0.691

Sports

 Weekly leisure activity (score ≤23, %) (n = 209)

–

–

 Weekly leisure activity (score ≥24, %) (n = 317)

0.59 (95 % CI: 0.28, 1.23); p = 0.156

1.43 (95 % CI: 0.58, 3.52); p = 0.439

Vitamin C - clinic interview a

 Less (n = 337)

–

–

 Recommendation (n = 189)

0.99 (95 % CI: 0.46, 2.15); p = 0.981

0.48 (95 % CI 0.18, 1.31); p = 0.152

Vitamin D - clinic interview b

 Less (n = 489)

–

–

 Recommendation (n = 37)

0.52 (95 % CI: 0.07, 3.73); p = 0.512

0.00; p = 0.998

Sex: Femaled

BMI – clinic assessed

 Under/ normal weight (n = 372)

–

–

 Overweight (n = 336)

1.83 (95 % CI: 0.59, 5.71); p = 0.295

2.79 (95 % CI: 0.72, 10.78); p = 0.137

 Obese (n = 330)

6.72 (95 % CI: 2.45, 18.45); p <0.001

6.67 (95 % CI: 1.84, 24.21); p = 0.004

Daily activity

 Sit/not walk (n = 217)

–

–

 Stand/walk (n = 486)

0.96 (95 % CI: 0.43, 2.15); p = 0.928

0.53 (95 % CI: 0.21, 1.30); p = 0.165

 Light work load (n = 302)

0.55 (95 % CI: 0.21, 1.43); p = 0.219

0.46 (95 % CI: 0.16, 1.26); p = 0.131

 Heavy workloads (n = 33)

2.46 (95 % CI: 0.45, 13.45); p = 0.298

1.74 (95 % CI: 0.18, 17.29); p = 0.635

Sports

 Weekly leisure activity (score ≤ 23, %) (n = 473)

–

–

 Weekly leisure activity (score ≥ 24, %) (n = 565)

0.86 (95 % CI: 0.42, 1.72); p = 0.662

1.08 (95 % CI: 0.50, 2.33); p = 0.848

Vitamin C - clinic interview a

 Less (n = 591)

–

–

 Recommendation (n = 447)

1.73 (95 % CI: 0.88, 3.42); 0.113

0.61 (95 % CI 0.27, 1.36); p = 0.226

Vitamin D - clinic interview b

 Less (n = 912)

–

–

 Recommendation (n = 126)

2.07 (95 % CI: 0.82, 5.22); p = 0.121

3.35 (95 % CI: 1.14, 9.88); p = 0.028

  1. The first-listed category for each variable is the reference category
  2. Dependent variable was robust self-reported knee OA or hip OA. Robust values represent individual’s self-reported OA (during phone interview and during clinic interview), as well as being diagnosed as having OA during clinic interviews
  3. aVitamin C recommendations were based on the Institute of Medicine (2006): adult males 90 mg/day; adult females 75 mg/day
  4. bVitamin D recommendations were based on the Institute of Medicine (2011): adults <70 years 600 IU/day and adults ≥70 years 800 IU/day
  5. Analyses adjusted for age and sex
  6. cAnalyses were controlled for age and sex
  7. dAnalyses were controlled for age