From: Osteoarthritis prevalence and modifiable factors: a population study
Total samplec | Odds ratio (95Â % CI); p-value | |
---|---|---|
 | Knee osteoarthritis | Hip osteoarthritis |
BMI – clinic assessed | ||
 Under/ normal weight (n = 508) | – | – |
 Overweight (n = 547) | 1.94 (95 % CI: 0.87, 4.32); p = 0.105 | 1.45 (95 % CI: 0.64, 3.27); p = 0.369 |
 Obese (n = 509) | 4.37 (95 % CI: 2.08, 9.20); p <0.001 | 2.52 (95 % CI: 1.17, 5.43); p = 0.018 |
Daily activity | ||
 Sit/not walk (n = 359) | – | – |
 Stand/walk (n = 700) | 1.11 (95 % CI: 0.62, 2.00); p = 0.725 | 0.50 (95 % CI: 0.26, 0.96); p = 0.038 |
 Light work load (n = 433) | 0.72 (95 % CI: 0.36, 1.44); p = 0.354 | 0.45 (95 % CI: 0.21, 0.95); p = 0.037 |
 Heavy workloads (n = 72) | 1.00 (95 % CI: 0.27, 3.69); p = 0.995 | 1.51 (95 % CI: 0.47, 4.79); p = 0.488 |
Sports | ||
 Weekly leisure activity (score ≤23, %) (n = 682) | – | – |
 Weekly leisure activity (score ≥24, %) (n = 882) | 0.67 (95 % CI: 0.41, 1.11); p = 0.124 | 1.21 (95 % CI: 0.69, 2.12); p = 0.508 |
Vitamin C - clinic interview a | ||
 Less (n = 928) | – | – |
 Recommendation (n = 636) | 1.35 (95 % CI: 0.82, 2.21); p = 0.237 | 0.52 (95 % CI 0.29, 0.96); p = 0.035 |
Vitamin D - clinic interview b | ||
 Less (n = 1401) | – | – |
 Recommendation (n = 163) | 1.48 (95 % CI: 0.67, 3.28); p = 0.328 | 1.73 (95 % CI 0.67, 4.44); p = 0.258 |
Sex: Maled | ||
BMI – clinic assessed | ||
 Under/ normal weight (n = 136) | – | – |
 Overweight (n = 211) | 1.90 (95 % CI: 0.60, 6.08); p = 0.277 | 0.81 (95 % CI: 0.28, 2.32); p = 0.690 |
 Obese (n = 179) | 2.90 (95 % CI: 0.93, 9.02); p = 0.066 | 0.99 (95 % CI: 0.35, 2.82); p = 0.992 |
Daily activity | ||
 Sit/not walk (n = 142) | – | – |
 Stand/walk (n = 214) | 1.42 (95 % CI: 0.58, 3.46); p = 0.441 | 0.59 (95 % CI: 0.22, 1.65); p = 0.317 |
 Light work load (n = 131) | 1.02 (95 % CI: 0.37, 2.81); p = 0.968 | 0.45 (95 % CI: 0.14, 1.49); p = 0.193 |
 Heavy workloads (n = 39) | 0.47 (95 % CI: 0.05, 4.41); p = 0.508 | 1.32 (95 % CI: 0.34, 5.17); p = 0.691 |
Sports | ||
 Weekly leisure activity (score ≤23, %) (n = 209) | – | – |
 Weekly leisure activity (score ≥24, %) (n = 317) | 0.59 (95 % CI: 0.28, 1.23); p = 0.156 | 1.43 (95 % CI: 0.58, 3.52); p = 0.439 |
Vitamin C - clinic interview a | ||
 Less (n = 337) | – | – |
 Recommendation (n = 189) | 0.99 (95 % CI: 0.46, 2.15); p = 0.981 | 0.48 (95 % CI 0.18, 1.31); p = 0.152 |
Vitamin D - clinic interview b | ||
 Less (n = 489) | – | – |
 Recommendation (n = 37) | 0.52 (95 % CI: 0.07, 3.73); p = 0.512 | 0.00; p = 0.998 |
Sex: Femaled | ||
BMI – clinic assessed | ||
 Under/ normal weight (n = 372) | – | – |
 Overweight (n = 336) | 1.83 (95 % CI: 0.59, 5.71); p = 0.295 | 2.79 (95 % CI: 0.72, 10.78); p = 0.137 |
 Obese (n = 330) | 6.72 (95 % CI: 2.45, 18.45); p <0.001 | 6.67 (95 % CI: 1.84, 24.21); p = 0.004 |
Daily activity | ||
 Sit/not walk (n = 217) | – | – |
 Stand/walk (n = 486) | 0.96 (95 % CI: 0.43, 2.15); p = 0.928 | 0.53 (95 % CI: 0.21, 1.30); p = 0.165 |
 Light work load (n = 302) | 0.55 (95 % CI: 0.21, 1.43); p = 0.219 | 0.46 (95 % CI: 0.16, 1.26); p = 0.131 |
 Heavy workloads (n = 33) | 2.46 (95 % CI: 0.45, 13.45); p = 0.298 | 1.74 (95 % CI: 0.18, 17.29); p = 0.635 |
Sports | ||
 Weekly leisure activity (score ≤ 23, %) (n = 473) | – | – |
 Weekly leisure activity (score ≥ 24, %) (n = 565) | 0.86 (95 % CI: 0.42, 1.72); p = 0.662 | 1.08 (95 % CI: 0.50, 2.33); p = 0.848 |
Vitamin C - clinic interview a | ||
 Less (n = 591) | – | – |
 Recommendation (n = 447) | 1.73 (95 % CI: 0.88, 3.42); 0.113 | 0.61 (95 % CI 0.27, 1.36); p = 0.226 |
Vitamin D - clinic interview b | ||
 Less (n = 912) | – | – |
 Recommendation (n = 126) | 2.07 (95 % CI: 0.82, 5.22); p = 0.121 | 3.35 (95 % CI: 1.14, 9.88); p = 0.028 |