Table 2 Sources of and knowledge levels on PEP for HIV among clinical medical students according to level of education at the University of Buea, Cameroon, 2014
Variables and responses | 4th Year N (%) | 5th Year N (%) | 6th Year N (%) | Total N (%) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sources of knowledge | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Heard about PEP (N = 154) |  |  |  |  | 0.051 |
 Yes | 47 (85) | 54 (86) | 36 (100) | 137 (89) | |
 No | 08 (15) | 09 (14) | 00 (0.0) | 17 (11) | |
Source of knowledge (N = 137) |  |  |  |  |  |
 Newspaper/journal | 02 (4.3) | 01 (1.9) | 03 (8.3) | 6 (4.4) | 0.342 |
 Television | 00 (0.0) | 00 (0.0) | 03 (8.3) | 03 (2.2) | 0.013 |
 Radio | 02 (4.3) | 00 (0.0) | 00 (0.0) | 2 (1.5) | 0.142 |
 Seminar/workshop | 00 (0.0) | 02 (3.7) | 01 (2.8) | 3 (2.2) | 0.436 |
 Ward rounds | 30 (63.8) | 46 (85.2) | 26 (72.2) | 101 (73.7) | 0.045 |
 PEP training | 00 (0.0) | 04 (7.4) | 04 (11.1) | 08 (5.8) | 0.081 |
 Can’t remember | 17 (36.2) | 01 (1.9) | 00 (0.0) | 18 (13.1) | 0.001 |
Ever had training on PEP (N = 154) |  |  |  |  | 0.011 |
 Yes | 00 (0.0) | 04 (6.3) | 06 (16.7) | 10 (6.5) | |
 No | 52 (100) | 59 (93.7) | 30 (83.3) | 144 (93.5) | |
Knowledge of PEP for HIV | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Overall knowledge score | 12.7 ± 3.9 | 13.7 ± 4.1 | 15.0 ± 3.9 | 13.7 ± 4.1 | 0.031 |
Overall knowledge level | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.456 |
 Good | 01 (1.8) | 04 (6.4) | 04 (11.1) | 09 (5.8) | |
 Moderate | 35 (63.7) | 38 (60.3) | 22 (61.1) | 95 (61.7) | |
 Poor | 19 (34.5) | 21 (33.3) | 10 (27.8) | 50 (32.5) | |
What proportion of needle prick injuries from HIV infected individuals result in HIV transmission? | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 1/100 | 18 (32.7) | 31 (49.3) | 11 (30.6) | 60 (39.0) | |
 1/500 | 04 (7.3) | 08 (12.7) | 03 (8.3) | 15 (9.7) | |
 3/1000a | 19 (34.5) | 12 (19.0) | 17 (47.2) | 48 (31.2) | |
 Do not know | 14 (25.5) | 12 (19.0) | 05 (13.9) | 31 (20.1) | |
Which of the following are high risk fluids for transmission of HIV? (multiple answers) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Breast milka | 41 (75.9) | 56 (94.9) | 33 (97.1) | 130 (84.4) | 0.001 |
 Urine | 00 (0.0) | 01 (1.7) | 01 (1.7) | 2 (1.3) | 0.496 |
 Peritoneal fluida | 09 (16.9) | 17 (27.8) | 11 (32.4) | 37 (24.0) | 0.216 |
 Saliva | 07 (13.2) | 09 (15.3) | 06 (17.6) | 22 (14.3) | 0.851 |
 Pleural fluida | 03 (5.7) | 13 (21.3) | 07 (20.6) | 23 (14.9) | 0.046 |
 Cerebrospinal fluida | 11 (20.8) | 17 (27.9) | 10 (29.4) | 38 (24.7) | 0.584 |
 Faeces | 00 (0.0) | 01 (1.7) | 00 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0.476 |
 Synovial fluida | 03 (5.7) | 06 (9.8) | 11 (32.4) | 20 (13.0) | 0.001 |
Indication for initiation of PEP (multiple answers acceptable) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Needle prick injurya | 48 (90.6) | 55 (94.8) | 36 (100.0) | 139 (90.3) | 0.156 |
 Splashing of blood/bodily fluid on mucosal surfacesa | 26 (49.1) | 28 (48.3) | 25 (69.4) | 79 (51.3) | 0.094 |
 Rapea | 37 (69.8) | 45 (77.6) | 32 (88.9) | 114 (74.0) | 0.106 |
 Infants born HIV positive mothersa | 32 (60.4) | 20 (34.5) | 14 (38.9) | 66 (42.9) | 0.017 |
First aid measure to institute following needle stick injury | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Promote active bleeding of the wound | 20 (36.4) | 18 (28.6) | 07 (19.4) | 45 (29.2) | 0.044 |
 Wash thoroughly with soap and watera | 25 (45.4) | 37 (58.7) | 29 (80.6) | 91 (59.1) | |
 Do not know | 10 (18.2) | 08 (12.7) | 00 (0.0) | 18 (11.7) | |
How soon after needle prick should PEP be started? | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.109 |
 Within 1 ha | 26 (47.3) | 21 (33.3) | 20 (55.6) | 67 (43.5) | |
 After 72 h | 12 (21.8) | 10 (15.9) | 03 (8.3) | 25 (16.2) | |
 Don’t know | 17 (30.9) | 32 (50.8) | 13 (36.1) | 62 (40.3) | |
What is the ideal HIV-PEP regimen following needle stick injury? | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.014 |
 One drug regimen | 13 (23.6) | 15 (23.8) | 22 (61.1) | 50 (32.5) | |
 Two drugs regimen | 15 (27.4) | 19 (30.2) | 06 (16.7) | 40 (26.0) | |
 Expanded three drugs regimena | 14 (25.4) | 20 (31.7) | 07 (19.4) | 41 (26.6) | |
 Don’t know | 13 (23.6) | 09 (14.3) | 01 (2.8) | 23 (14.9) | |
Which of the following drugs are used in PEP (multiple answers acceptable) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Zidovudinea | 32 (72.7) | 38 (67.8) | 19 (63.3) | 89 (57.8) | 0.689 |
 Glymepiride | 01 (2.3) | 00 (0.0) | 02 (6.7) | 03 (1.9) | 0.150 |
 Jevirapine | 02 (4.5) | 07 (12.7) | 00 (0.0) | 09 (5.8) | 0.065 |
 Lamivudinea | 07 (15.9) | 34 (61.8) | 12 (40.0) | 53 (34.4) | <0.001 |
 Levamisole | 00 (0.0) | 00 (0.0) | 00 (0.0) | 25 (16.2) | --- |
 Stavudinea | 03 (6.8) | 09 (16.4) | 05 (16.7) | 17 (11.0) | 0.307 |
 Famotidine | 01 (2.3) | 00 (0.0) | 00 (0.0) | 01 (0.6) | 0.378 |
 Nevirapinea | 30 (68.2) | 37 (67.3) | 18 (60.0) | 85 (55.2) | 0.736 |
Duration of PEP with antiretroviral drugs | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 For life | 00 (0.0) | 02 (3.2) | 00 (0.0) | 2 (1.3) | |
 2 weeks | 00 (0.0) | 02 (3.2) | 03 (8.3) | 5 (3.2) | |
 4 weeksa | 11 (20.0) | 21 (33.3) | 22 (61.1) | 54 (35.1) | |
 24 weeks | 04 (7.3) | 08 (12.7) | 00 (0.0) | 12 (7.8) | |
 28 weeks | 08 (14.5) | 02 (3.2) | 03 (8.3) | 13 (8.4) | |
 Do not know | 32 (58.2) | 28 (44.4) | 08 (22.2) | 68 (44.2) |