Table 2 Prevalence of obesity and associated factors in women and men
From: Prevalence of obesity in panama: some risk factors and associated diseases
Variables | Women | Men | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Â | Prevalence of obesity (%) | O.R.a | P value | Prevalence of obesity (%) | O.R.a | P value |
TOTAL | 30.9 (757 / 2450) | NA | NA | 18.3 (193 / 1057) | NA | NA |
Area | ||||||
 Urban | 34.5 (410 / 1188) | 1.39 (1.17–1.65) | P < 0.0001 | 23.8 (111 / 467) | 1.93 (1.41–2.65) | P < 0.0001 |
 Rural | 28.0 (322 / 1148) | 0.78 (0.65–0.92) | P < 0.05 | 15.2 (77 / 507) | 0.67 (0.49–0.92) | P < 0.05 |
 Indigenous | 21.9 (25 / 114) | 0.62 (0.38–0.99) | P = 0.04 | 6.0 (5 / 83) | 0.27 (0.09–0.70) | P = 0.004 |
Age (years) | ||||||
 18–29 | 19.5 (101 / 519) | 0.47 (0.37–0.60) | P < 0.0001 | 12.6 (23 / 182) | 0.60 (0.36–0.98) | P < 0.05 |
 30–39 | 33.0 (167 / 506) | 1.13 (0.91–1.39) | P = 0.25 | 23.7 (40 / 169) | 1.49 (0.98–2.25) | P = 0.05 |
 40–49 | 38.3 (197/ 514) | 1.53 (1.24–1.88) | P < 0.0001 | 23.2 (45 / 194) | 1.46 (0.98–2.16) | P = 0.05 |
 50–59 | 34.9 (156 / 447) | 1.25 (1.00–1.56) | P < 0.05 | 21.5 (44 / 205) | 1.29 (0.89–1.96) | P = 0.19 |
 60 and over | 29.3 (136 / 464) | 0.91 (0.73–1.15) | P = 0.41 | 13.3 (41 / 307) | 0.61 (0.41–0.90) | P < 0.05 |
Ethnic groups | ||||||
 Afro-Panamanian | 41.9 (228 / 544) | 1.88 (1.53–2.30) | P < 0.0001 | 22.5 (45 / 200) | 1.39 (0.94–2.06) | P = 0.08 |
 Mestizo | 29.6 (389 / 1312) | 0.88 (0.74–1.05) | P = 0.15 | 19.9 (116 / 582) | 1.29 (0.93–1.79) | P = 0.12 |
 Native | 18.0 (47 / 261) | 0.46 (0.32–0.64) | P < 0.0001 | 6.0 (7 / 117) | 0.26 (0.11–0.58) | P < 0.001 |
 White | 29.5 (85 / 288) | 0.93 (0.70–1.23) | P = 0.59 | 15.4 (20 / 130) | 0.79 (0.46–1.34) | P = 0.36 |
 Asian/Others/Not specified | 17.8 (8 / 45) | 0.48 (0.20–1.07) | P = 0.08 | 17.9 (5 / 28) | 0.97 (0.32–2.74) | P = 0.84 |
Intake of fatty foods | ||||||
 2 or more fried food daily | 18.4 (695 / 2219) | 1.22 (0.89–1.38) | P = 0.19 | 18.4 (186 / 1008) | 1.36 (0.57–3.36) | P = 0.46 |
 Less of 2 fried food daily | 27.1 (63 / 232) | 0.82 (0.60–1.11) | P = 0.19 | 14.3 (7 / 49) | 0.74 (0.33–1.66) | P = 0.46 |
Intake of beverage / foods rich in sugars | ||||||
 6 teaspoons per day or more | 33.4 (316 / 946) | 1.21 (1.01–1.45) | P < 0.05 | 21.7 (80 / 368) | 1.42 (1.02–1.97) | P < 0.05 |
 Less of 6 teaspoons per day | 29.3 (441 / 1504) | 0.83 (0.69–0.98) | P < 0.05 | 19.6 (113 / 576) | 0.71 (0.51–0.97) | P < 0.05 |
Physical Activity | ||||||
 Physically active | 25.9 (42 / 167) | 0.74 (0.51–1.07) | P = 0.09 | 16.6 (43 / 259) | 0.86 (0.58–1.27) | P = 0.43 |
 Insufficient physical activity | 26.0 (33 / 127) | 0.78 (0.51–1.18) | P = 0.22 | 11.2 (11 / 98) | 0.54 (0.27–1.07) | P = 0.06 |
 Physically inactive | 31.6 (682 / 2156) | 1.35 (1.01–1.80) | P < 0.05 | 19.6 (139 / 700) | 1.39 (0.97–1.99) | P = 0.06 |
Family history of obesity | ||||||
 Yes | 46.4 (308 / 663) | 2.59 (2.14–3.13) | P < 0.0001 | 32.1 (68 / 212) | 2.72 (1.90–3.90) | P < 0.0001 |
 No | 25.1 (449 / 1787) | 0.39 (0.32–0.47) | P < 0.0001 | 14.8 (125 / 845) | 0.38 (0.26–0.51) | P < 0.0001 |
 Do not know / No response | 22.6 (14 / 62) | NA | NA | 22.2 (6 / 27) | NA | NA |
Waist Circumference | ||||||
 >102 cm (Men) | NA | NA | NA | 80.0 (155 / 193) | 88.8 (53.5–148.4) | P < 0.0001 |
 ≤102 cm |  |  |  | 4.3 (39 / 864) | 0.01 (0.01–0.02) | P < 0.0001 |
 >94 cm | NA | NA | NA | 98.4 (192 / 193) | 177.7 (54.4–702.2) | P < 0.0001 |
 ≤94 cm |  |  |  | 26.2 (227 / 864) | 0.01 (0.0–0.02) | P < 0.0001 |
 >88 cm (Women) | 97.9 (741 / 757) | 47.5 (28.1–81.6) | P < 0.0001 | NA | NA | NA |
 ≤88 cm | 49.3 (835 / 1692) | 0.02 (0.01–0.03) | P < 0.0001 |  |  |  |