Table 2 Associations between HCV positivity (anti-HCV antibodies and/or HCV RNA positive) and different demographic characteristics among a sample of the Egyptian population
From: Viral transmission risk factors in an Egyptian population with high hepatitis C prevalence
Study population characteristic | HCV Prevalence (%) | Unadjusted OR (95 % CI) | Adjusted OR (95 % CI)a |
|---|---|---|---|
Overall | 29.8 | NA | NA |
Gender | |||
Male | 32.2 | Ref | Ref |
Female | 25.3 | 0.71 (0.56, 0.91) | 0.65 (0.48, 0.86) |
Age group | |||
1913–1939 | 40.5 | Ref. | Ref |
1940–1949 | 45.0 | 1.20 (0.79, 1.82) | 1.32 (0.85, 2.04) |
1950–1959 | 42.1 | 1.07 (0.73, 1.57) | 1.17 (0.78, 1.76) |
1960–1969 | 27.2 | 0.55 (0.36, 0.83) | 0.59 (0.38, 0.91) |
1970–1979 | 15.0 | 0.26 (0.16, 0.43) | 0.27 (0.16, 0.45) |
1980+ | 6.8 | 0.11 (0.06, 0.19) | 0.10 (0.06, 0.20) |
Education | |||
No schooling, literacy only, or religious school | 35.5 | Ref. | Ref. |
Primary through secondary | 27.6 | 0.69 (0.54, 0.88) | 1.21 (0.91, 1.61) |
Higher education | 21.8 | 0.55 (0.46, 0.66) | 0.90 (0.51, 1.59) |
Migration pattern | |||
Current same as birth – rural | 35.1 | Ref. | Ref. |
Current same as birth - urban | 15.7 | 0.34 (0.18, 0.66) | 0.41 (0.20, 0.84) |
Urban to urban migration | 17.7 | 0.40 (0.27, 0.58) | 0.32 (0.21, 0.50) |
Rural to rural migration | 41.2 | 1.30 (0.92, 1.82) | 1.03 (0.70, 1.51) |
Rural to urban migration | 32.2 | 0.88 (0.59, 1.3) | 0.64 (0.41, 0.99) |
Urban to rural migration | 12.3 | 0.26 (0.12, 0.57) | 0.21 (0.09, 0.48) |
Birthplace | |||
Urban | 16.7 | Ref. | Ref. |
Rural | 37.5 | 3.00 (2.30, 3.91) | 2.36 (1.68, 3.31) b |
Residence at time of interview | |||
Urban | 22.2 | Ref. | Ref. |
Rural | 36.9 | 2.04 (1.62, 2.57) | 1.35 (1.01, 1.83) b |