From: Crime and subjective well-being in the countries of the former Soviet Union
Happinessa | Life satisfactionb | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Explanatory variables | Ordered probit | OLS | Ordered probit | OLS | ||||
Victim of physical violencec | −0.2956*** | −0.5589*** | −0.2325*** | −0.4687*** | ||||
(0.0687) | (0.1297) | (0.0650) | (0.1287) | |||||
Victim of theftc | −0.0412 | −0.0834 | −0.0693* | −0.1388* | ||||
(0.0351) | (0.0652) | (0.0345) | (0.0682) | |||||
Age (years) | ||||||||
18–34 | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
35–59 | −0.2453*** | −0.2440*** | −0.4558*** | −0.4535*** | −0.2334*** | −0.2319*** | −0.4651*** | −0.4619*** |
(0.0200) | (0.0201) | (0.0368) | (0.0368) | (0.0198) | (0.0199) | (0.0392) | (0.0392) | |
≥ 60 | −0.2032*** | −0.1979*** | −0.3812*** | −0.3715*** | −0.0966*** | −0.0935** | −0.1956*** | −0.1893*** |
(0.0285) | (0.0286) | (0.0532) | (0.0533) | (0.0285) | (0.0285) | (0.0564) | (0.0565) | |
Sex | ||||||||
Male | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
Female | 0.0592*** | 0.0609*** | 0.1081*** | 0.1115*** | 0.0027 | 0.0041 | 0.0089 | 0.0115 |
(0.0167) | (0.0167) | (0.0310) | (0.0310) | (0.0167) | (0.0167) | (0.0331) | (0.0331) | |
Marital status | ||||||||
Married/cohabiting | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
Never married | −0.1028*** | −0.1035*** | −0.1856*** | −0.1866*** | 0.0284 | 0.0297 | 0.0511 | 0.0539 |
(0.0223) | (0.0223) | (0.0411) | (0.0412) | (0.0225) | (0.0226) | (0.0444) | (0.0445) | |
Divorced/widowed | −0.3291*** | −0.3292*** | −0.6276*** | −0.6281*** | −0.2364*** | −0.2352*** | −0.4760*** | −0.4734*** |
(0.0247) | (0.0248) | (0.0465) | (0.0466) | (0.0238) | (0.0239) | (0.0474) | (0.0474) | |
Educationd | ||||||||
High | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
Middle | −0.0778*** | −0.0780*** | −0.1478*** | −0.1482*** | −0.1708*** | −0.1716*** | −0.3397*** | −0.3415*** |
(0.0185) | (0.0185) | (0.0341) | (0.0342) | (0.0187) | (0.0187) | (0.0367) | (0.0367) | |
Low | −0.1105*** | −0.1124*** | −0.2107*** | −0.2140*** | −0.1743*** | −0.1753*** | −0.3506*** | −0.3527*** |
(0.0297) | (0.0297) | (0.0551) | (0.0551) | (0.0293) | (0.0293) | (0.0579) | (0.0579) | |
Wealthe | ||||||||
High | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
Average | −0.2198*** | −0.2191*** | −0.4103*** | −0.4093*** | −0.2451*** | −0.2459*** | −0.4895*** | −0.4910*** |
(0.0199) | (0.0199) | (0.0366) | (0.0366) | (0.0202) | (0.0202) | (0.0397) | (0.0397) | |
Low | −0.4329*** | −0.4349*** | −0.8107*** | −0.8152*** | −0.4339*** | −0.4368*** | −0.8660*** | −0.8715*** |
(0.0223) | (0.0224) | (0.0411) | (0.0412) | (0.0227) | (0.0227) | (0.0445) | (0.0445) | |
Self-rated health | ||||||||
Good/fair | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
Poor | −0.4347*** | −0.4375*** | −0.8328*** | −0.8387*** | −0.5184*** | −0.5201*** | −1.0492*** | −1.0527*** |
(0.0244) | (0.0245) | (0.0460) | (0.0462) | (0.0238) | (0.0239) | (0.0471) | (0.0472) | |
Location | ||||||||
Urban | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
Rural | 0.0812*** | 0.0825*** | 0.1530*** | 0.1554*** | 0.0467** | 0.0473** | 0.0932** | 0.0942** |
(0.0173) | (0.0174) | (0.0323) | (0.0323) | (0.0173) | (0.0173) | (0.0342) | (0.0342) | |
Heavy episodic drinkingf | ||||||||
No | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. | ref. |
Yes | −0.0899*** | −0.0914*** | −0.1670*** | −0.1700*** | −0.0771** | −0.0787** | −0.1533** | −0.1563** |
(0.0250) | (0.0250) | (0.0467) | (0.0466) | (0.0257) | (0.0257) | (0.0509) | (0.0510) |