Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics and body mass index of South Africans aged 15 years or older, SANHANES-1, 2012 [24]

Sex

   Males

2246(42.4)

23,88(-0,22)

[23.44-24.32]

11,6

[9.7-13.9]

55,9

[52.9-58.8]

20,5

[18.1-23.2]

12,0

[9.9-14.4]

   Females

4165(57.6)

28,96(-0,21)

[28.55-29.37]

3,7

[3.0-4.6]

32,0

[29.9-34.1]

24,9

[23.0-26.9]

39,4

[37.0-41.9]

Age (years)

   15 – 18^b

764(12.4)

21,86(-0,22)

[21.43-22.30]

14,0

[10.7-18.0]

65,1

[60.4-69.6]

15,7

[12.4-19.6]

5,2

[3.5-7.7]

   19 – 24

985(16.5)

24,50(-0,29)

[23.93-25.07]

9,2

[6.0-13.9]

57,0

[52.3-61.6]

17,9

[14.9-21.2]

15,9

[13.2-19.1]

   25 - 34

1082(15.7)

26,83(-0,29)

[26.27-27.39]

4,2

[3.0-5.7]

44,8

[40.8-48.9]

24,9

[21.3-28.8]

26,1

[22.6-30.0]

   35 - 44

980(14.5)

27,82(-0,35)

[27.14-28.51]

6,3

[4.7-8.3]

38,1

[33.7-42.7]

22,1

[18.4-26.2]

33,6

[29.3-38.1]

   45 - 54

1022(15.8)

29,16(-0,42)

[28.33-29.98]

5,1

[3.5-7.4]

29,6

[25.4-34.0]

26,0

[21.2-31.4]

39,3

[34.3-44.6]

   55 - 64

856(13.5)

28,93(-0,50)

[27.96-29.91]

6,6

[4.6-9.2]

27,4

[22.7-32.7]

26,4

[22.6-30.5]

39,6

[34.5-45.0]

   > = 65

722(11.5)

28,44(-0,42)

[27.62-29.26]

4,6

[3.3-6.4]

31,6

[27.3-36.3]

29,2

[24.9-33.8]

34,7

[30.0-39.6]

Race

   Black

4528(82.4)

26,83(-0,19)

[26.46-27.20]

6,9

[5.8-8.3]

42,5

[40.5-44.4]

22,7

[20.9-24.6]

27,9

[26.0-29.8]

   White

135(3.3)

28,72(-1,00)

[26.75-30.69]

0,6

[0.1-3.0]

31,8

[20.0-46.5]

27,4

[17.9-39.5]

40,2

[27.4-54.5]

   Mixed ancestry

1428(11.8)

26,44(-0,32)

[25.81-27.07]

7,0

[5.4-9.0]

43,3

[39.0-47.8]

24,0

[21.0-27.3]

25,7

[21.9-29.8]

   Indian

299(2.6)

25,21(-1,42)

[22.42-28.00]

20,0

[8.4-40.7]

35,6

[28.7-43.2]

22,6

[13.2-35.9]

21,8

[12.0-36.1]

Locality

   Urban formal

3084(51.1)

27,46(-0,28)

[26.91-28.01]

5,8

[4.3-7.8]

39,2

[36.6-42.0]

24,1

[21.6-26.9]

30,9

[27.9-34.0]

   Urban informal

788(9.9)

26,39(-0,41)

[25.58-27.21]

9,5

[5.7-15.4]

42,5

[37.2-48.0]

23,9

[20.0-28.2]

24,1

[20.6-28.0]

   Rural informal (Tribal)

1621(30.5)

26,26(-0,23)

[25.80-26.72]

7,5

[6.0-9.4]

45,0

[42.4-47.7]

21,2

[19.2-23.4]

26,2

[24.0-28.5]

   Rural formal (Farms)

918(8.5)

25,32(-0,32)

[24.69-25.94]

10,3

[8.2-12.8]

48,2

[43.5-52.9]

21,9

[16.8-28.2]

19,6

[16.4-23.2]

Province

   Western Cape

1052(12.3)

27,03(-0,37)

[26.31-27.76]

5,2

[3.8-7.1]

40,0

[35.5-44.8]

26,3

[22.6-30.4]

28,4

[23.8-33.5]

   Eastern Cape

802(11.6)

26,39(-0,34)

[25.72-27.05]

7,4

[5.5-9.9]

44,0

[39.8-48.4]

20,0

[17.0-23.3]

28,6

[25.1-32.4]

   Northern Cape

399(2.4)

26,27(-0,78)

[24.73-27.80]

9,4

[5.7-15.0]

45,0

[36.9-53.5]

20,2

[16.7-24.2]

25,5

[19.8-32.2]

   Free State

468(5.7)

26,89(-0,49)

[25.93-27.85]

7,8

[5.7-10.7]

42,3

[35.0-49.9]

22,0

[18.3-26.2]

27,9

[23.5-32.7]

   KwaZulu Natal

893(17.6)

27,13(-0,46)

[26.23-28.03]

7,9

[4.5-13.5]

39,3

[34.9-43.8]

22,7

[19.5-26.1]

30,2

[26.0-34.7]

   North West

789(7.0)

24,81(-0,28)

[24.27-25.36]

13,0

[9.6-17.4]

49,1

[44.7-53.5]

16,3

[13.1-20.2]

21,5

[18.2-25.3]

   Gauteng

739(24.7)

27,71(-0,47)

[26.79-28.64]

4,8

[2.8-8.0]

39,4

[35.2-43.8]

26,2

[21.8-31.1]

29,6

[24.8-34.9]

   Mpumalanga

720(7.5)

26,63(-0,46)

[25.72-27.54]

6,0

[3.8-9.3]

45,3

[41.1-49.5]

22,6

[19.9-25.7]

26,1

[21.7-31.1]

   Limpopo

549(11.1)

25,91(-0,32)

[25.29-26.53]

8,5

[6.3-11.5]

45,6

[40.9-50.4]

21,8

[17.3-27.0]

24,0

[20.7-27.8]

Marital status^c

   Never married

2404(45.8)

25,26(-0,23)

[24.81-25.71]

9,1

[7.1-11.6]

50,3

[47.6-53.0]

20,1

[17.7-22.7]

20,5

[18.3-22.8]

   Living together

462(8.0)

27,01(-0,45)

[26.12-27.90]

5,9

[4.0-8.5]

41,7

[35.5-48.2]

29,1

[23.5-35.4]

23,3

[18.4-29.0]

   Married

1817(34.7)

28,75(-0,31)

[28.13-29.36]

3,9

[2.9-5.3]

31,4

[28.1-34.8]

27,3

[24.4-30.5]

37,4

[33.8-41.0]

   Widowed/Separated/Divorced

639(11.5)

29,87(-0,53)

[28.84-30.91]

4,8

[3.0-7.4]

27,2

[22.8-32.0]

24,1

[20.1-28.6]

43,9

[38.2-49.8]

Highest level of Education

   No schooling

554(8.9)

26,94(-0,49)

[25.97-27.91]

12,4

[7.9-19.0]

34,0

[29.3-39.1]

23,3

[19.3-27.9]

30,2

[25.6-35.3]

   Grades 0-5

645(11.1)

27,06(-0,50)

[26.08-28.03]

9,6

[6.8-13.5]

38,3

[34.0-42.9]

21,0

[16.7-26.1]

31,0

[25.9-36.6]

   Grades 6-7

643(11.1)

27,10(-0,43)

[26.25-27.95]

7,7

[5.4-11.0]

38,9

[33.3-44.8]

25,8

[21.0-31.3]

27,6

[23.1-32.6]

   Grades 8-11

2185(39.1)

26,38(-0,25)

[25.89-26.86]

7,3

[5.5-9.6]

45,4

[42.4-48.3]

21,3

[18.8-23.9]

26,1

[23.6-28.7]

   Grade 12

1083(22.1)

26,70(-0,32)

[26.07-27.33]

4,6

[2.7-7.5]

46,8

[42.3-51.4]

23,2

[18.9-28.2]

25,4

[21.5-29.7]

   Higher education

316(7.8)

28,35(-0,62)

[27.14-29.56]

1,2

[0.5-2.7]

31,4

[23.9-40.0]

31,8

[24.3-40.3]

35,6

[27.5-44.7]

Annual income category (ZARⁱ)^c

   No income

1413(34.0)

26,51(-0,31)

[25.89-27.13]

8,2

[5.9-11.2]

46,6

[43.3-49.9]

18,9

[16.2-21.8]

26,3

[23.5-29.3]

   1-9600

558(14.3)

27,51(-0,46)

[26.61-28.42]

7,0

[4.4-10.9]

36,6

[31.4-42.0]

22,5

[18.6-27.0]

33,9

[28.4-39.8]

   9601-38400

1593(38.6)

27,77(-0,33)

[27.12-28.41]

5,9

[4.2-8.2]

37,7

[34.2-41.3]

24,7

[21.4-28.2]

31,8

[28.1-35.7]

   38401-153600

320(9.8)

28,23(-0,52)

[27.21-29.24]

1,2

[0.5-2.8]

30,6

[22.6-40.1]

32,3

[23.4-42.7]

35,8

[28.0-44.5]

   > = 153601

97(3.2)

29,13(-0,84)

[27.48-30.79]

0,2

[0.0-1.8]

25,0

[13.9-40.9]

33,5

[18.0-53.5]

41,3

[24.5-60.3]

   Total

6411(100)

26,81(-0,17)

[26.47-27.14]

7,0

[6.0-8.3]

42,1

[40.4-43.9]

23,0

[21.4-24.7]

27,8

[26.1-29.6]