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Table 6 The association between violence by multiple perpetrators and symptoms of psychological ill-health in the clinical sample (Model 2)

From: Lifetime co-occurrence of violence victimisation and symptoms of psychological ill health: a cross-sectional study of Swedish male and female clinical and population samples

  

Women

 

Men

   

Symptoms of psychological ill-health

  

Symptoms of psychological ill-health

  

N

Few (score =1-6)

Many (score 7–18)

No of kinds of perpetrators*

N

Few (score =1-6)

Many (score 7–18)

N = 924 (40.3 %)

N =222 (9.7 %)

N = 561 (33.5 %)

N = 125 (7.4 %)

Civil state

Partner

1935

1

 

1

  

1351

1

 

1

 
 

Single

357

1.2

0.9–1.5

1.7

1.1–2.5

 

342

1.4

1.03–1.8

2.0

1.3–3.1

Education

≥13

873

1

 

1

  

539

1

 

1

 
 

<12

1419

1.0

0.9–1.3

1.2

0.9–1.7

 

1154

1.2

0.98–1.6

1.5

0.9–2.3

Occupation

Employed

1563

1

 

1

  

795

1

 

1

 
 

Retired, sick-leave

social welfare

407

1.4

1.05–1.8

4.5

3.0–6.9

 

807

1.0

0.8–1.3

4.7

2.1–10.5

 

Other

322

1.1

0.9–1.5

1.8

1.1–2.8

 

91

1.4

0.8–2.3

2.2

1.4–3.7

Agegroup

<29

373

1

 

1

  

107

1

 

1

 
 

30–39

512

0.8

0.6–1.1

0.8

0.5–1.4

 

138

0.7

0.4–1.3

2.1

0.7–6.4

 

40–49

470

0.8

0.6–1.1

0.8

0.5–1.4

 

170

1.0

0.5–1.7

4.8

1.7–13.6

 

>50

937

0.6

0.5–0.8

0.4

0.3–0.7

 

1278

0.6

0.3–0.96

1.3

0.5–3.5

Kind of perpetrator

No violence

1531

1

 

1

 

No violence

1106

1

 

1

 

Family

123

2.1

1.4–3.1

3.3

1.6–6.6

One kind

449

2.1

1.7–2.7

4.0

2.6–6.3

 

Partner

180

2.9

2.0–4.2

10.9

6.5–18.4

≥2 kinds

138

3.5

2.3–5.3

13.6

7.7–24.3

 

Community

212

2.0

1.5–2.8

6.6

4.0–10.9

      
 

Fam + Part

44

3.6

1.6–8.0

17.7

7.1–44.0

      
 

Fam + Com

67

2.9

1.6–5.2

14.9

7.1–31.3

      
 

Part + Com

79

2.8

1.5–5.0

19.2

9.8–37.8

      
 

Fam + Part + Com

56

8.7

3.3–22.6

57.4

20.6–159.9

      

Model fit:

 

R2 = 0.16 (Cox & Snell), 0.19 (Nagelkerke).

 

R2 = 0.11 (Cox & Snell), 0.14 (Nagelkerke).

Model χ2(28) = 393.96

Model χ2(18) = 199.49

  1. Note: Reference category is “no symptoms of psychological ill-health” (score 0)
  2. Fam = Family, Part = Partner, Acq/Str = Aquaintance/Stranger. Occupation “other” = Unemployed, student, pregnant or parental leave
  3. *Because the number of men subjected to some of the combinations of perpetrators was low in the male clinical sample, analyses could not be made for all possible combinations of perpetrators. Rather respondents were categorized according to the number of kinds of perpetrators they reported