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Table 5 Associationsa with dietary intake changes stratified by baseline intake tertile in females

From: Changes in dietary intake during puberty and their determinants: results from the GINIplus birth cohort study

Reference

Tracking in T1b

Tracking in T2c

Tracking in T3d

Change

Increase

Increase

Decrease

Decrease

Whole grains

    

ParEdu high

1.8 (0.7;4.2)

1.1 (0.4;3.1)

0.6 (0.2;1.6)

0.7 (0.3;1.9)

Income med

1.2 (0.5;2.8)

0.3 (0.1;0.8)

0.2 (0.1;0.7)*

0.4 (0.2;1.1)

Income high

0.6 (0.2;1.7)

0.1 (0.0;0.5)*

0.3 (0.1;1.0)

1.2 (0.4;3.1)

ChildEdu high

0.9 (0.4;2.0)

1.7 (0.6;4.7)

1.7 (0.6;4.4)

0.6 (0.2;1.3)

Puberty yes

0.9 (0.4;1.8)

0.9 (0.4;2.1)

1.1 (0.5;2.5)

0.8 (0.4;1.6)

BMI

0.9 (0.8;1.1)

1.0 (0.8;1.2)

1.1 (0.9;1.3)

1.1 (0.9;1.3)

Screen high

0.3 (0.1;1.1)

0.2 (0.0;2.2)

2.2 (0.6;7.7)

3.0 (0.5;16.9)

Nuts

    

ParEdu high

3.8 (1.7;8.8)*

1.8 (0.6;5.4)

0.8 (0.3;2.1)

0.6 (0.2;1.4)

Income med

0.5 (0.2;1.1)

1.9 (0.7;5.2)

3.2 (1.0;9.8)

1.8 (0.7;4.4)

Income high

0.4 (0.1;1.1)

0.6 (0.2;1.8)

2.1 (0.6;6.7)

1.4 (0.5;3.8)

ChildEdu high

0.8 (0.4;1.7)

0.8 (0.3;2.0)

1.1 (0.4;3.0)

1.4 (0.6;3.1)

Puberty yes

1.1 (0.6;2.3)

1.1 (0.5;2.6)

1.3 (0.6;3.1)

0.5 (0.3;1.0)

BMI

0.9 (0.8;1.1)

1.0 (0.9;1.3)

0.9 (0.8;1.1)

0.9 (0.8;1.1)

Screen high

0.4 (0.1;1.2)

1.4 (0.3;7.3)

2.2 (0.5;10.4)

0.5 (0.1;2.1)

Protein

    

ParEdu High

1.5 (0.7;3.4)

1.0 (0.4;2.7)

1.1 (0.4;2.9)

0.3 (0.1;0.9)

Income med

0.9 (0.4;2.1)

0.4 (0.1;1.1)

0.7 (0.2;2.1)

0.6 (0.2;1.6)

Income high

1.3 (0.6;3.3)

0.9 (0.3;2.7)

1.8 (0.6;5.9)

0.6 (0.2;2.1)

ChildEdu high

0.6 (0.3;1.3)

0.7 (0.3;1.8)

0.5 (0.2;1.2)

0.9 (0.4;2.2)

Puberty yes

1.0 (0.5;2.1)

1.4 (0.6;3.2)

1.1 (0.5;2.5)

1.1 (0.5;2.3)

BMI

1.0 (0.8;1.2)

1.0 (0.9;1.2)

1.0 (0.8;1.2)

0.7 (0.6;0.9)*

Sed high

0.8 (0.3;2.2)

1.0 (0.2;4.5)

0.2 (0.0;2.0)

2.5 (0.7;9.1)

Retinol

    

ParEdu High

0.7 (0.3;1.7)

1.2 (0.5;3.1)

1.3 (0.5;3.7)

1.1 (0.5;2.4)

Income med

0.8 (0.3;2.0)

0.6 (0.2;1.8)

0.2 (0.1;0.6)*

0.6 (0.2;1.4)

Income high

1.2 (0.5;3.4)

0.7 (0.2;2.4)

0.2 (0.1;0.7)

0.8 (0.3;2.1)

ChildEdu high

0.9 (0.4;2.2)

1.1 (0.4;2.8)

0.3 (0.1;0.8)

0.6 (0.3;1.4)

Puberty yes

2.1 (1.0;4.3)

0.7 (0.3;1.7)

0.3 (0.1;0.9)

0.9 (0.5;1.9)

BMI

1.0 (0.9;1.2)

1.0 (0.8;1.2)

1.0 (0.8;1.2)

1.2 (1.0;1.4)

Sed high

0.6 (0.2;1.9)

0.8 (0.2;2.8)

0.2 (0.0;1.0)

0.2 (0.0;1.1)

Vitamin C

    

ParEdu High

1.0 (0.4;2.3)

0.6 (0.2;1.7)

0.2 (0.1;0.5)*

1.4 (0.6;3.3)

Income med

0.5 (0.2;1.1)

1.5 (0.5;4.5)

1.0 (0.3;2.9)

0.3 (0.1;0.8)

Income high

0.4 (0.2;1.1)

3.2 (0.9;10.6)

1.3 (0.4;4.6)

0.2 (0.1;0.6)*

ChildEdu high

1.5 (0.7;3.3)

0.6 (0.3;1.5)

0.8 (0.3;2.0)

2.2 (0.9;5.2)

Puberty yes

1.5 (0.7;3.2)

0.4 (0.2;0.9)

0.7 (0.3;1.9)

1.3 (0.6;2.5)

BMI

1.0 (0.8;1.1)

1.2 (1.0;1.5)

1.2 (1.0;1.4)

1.1 (1.0;1.3)

Sed high

0.8 (0.3;2.3)

0.9 (0.2;5.0)

1.2 (0.2;6.5)

1.7 (0.5;6.2)

  1. ParEdu high: parental education (high vs. low); Income med/high: family income (medium/high vs. low); ChildEdu high: child education (high vs. low); Puberty yes: pubertal onset at baseline (yes vs. no); Screen high: screen-time at baseline (high vs. low).
  2. *p-value < 0.0083 (Bonferroni correction for multiple testing: 0.05/6)
  3. aOdds ratio (95 % CI)
  4. bLogistic regression (increase vs. tracking in lowest tertile)
  5. cMultinomial logistic regression (increase or decrease vs. tracking in medium tertile)
  6. dLogsitic regression (decrease vs. tracking in highest tertile)
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