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Table 4 Items with DIF across boys and girls

From: Evaluation of psychometric properties and differential item functioning of 8-item Child Perceptions Questionnaires using item response theory

Item

Gender

a

b1

b2

b3

Bad breath

Boys

0.63

−3.01

−1.05

3.14

(in both RSF:8 and ISF:8)

Girls

0.52

−2.50

−0.04

5.38

  

(χ2 = 0.4, df = 1, p = 0.540)

(χ2 = 19.0, df = 3, p < 0.001)

Food caught between/in teeth

Boys

0.65

−5.00

−2.95

1.99

(in ISF:8)

Girls

0.67

−5.16

−2.27

2.93

  

(χ2 < 0.1, df = 1, p = 0.943)

(χ2 = 12.6, df = 3, p = 0.006)

Concerned with other people think

Boys

1.37

−0.06

1.02

2.58

(in RSF:8)

Girls

1.57

−0.45

0.85

2.69

  

(χ2 = 1.5, df = 1, p = 0.483)

(χ2 = 11.5, df = 3, p = 0.009)