Table 3 Baseline data on the primary outcome measures in comparison to German norm values

HADS

Female

15.75

6.98

1,506

9.7

6.9

2,481

16.72

< .0001

Male

15.37

7.29

307

9.2

6.7

1,929

14.80

< .0001

Total

15.69

7.03

1,813

9.45

6.8

4,410

32.57

< .0001

m

SD

n

M

SD

n

t

p

SWLS

Female

21.57

6.45

1506

24.67

6.20

1,315

12.97

< .0001

Male

21.67

6.37

307

25.12

6.32

1,204

8.52

< .0001

Total

21.59

6.44

1,813

24.88

6.26

2,519

21.98

< .0001

m

SD

n

M

SD

n

t

p

RS

Female

54.29

11.45

1,506

n.a.

n.a.

1,070

n.a.

n.a.

Male

53.02

11.40

307

n.a.

n.a.

934

n.a.

n.a.

Total

54.07

11.45

1,813

58.03

10.76

2,003

11.01

< .0001