Examining the influence of a text message-based sleep and physical activity intervention among young adult smokers in the United States

Table 2 Relative difference in sleep indicators between groups at 3-month follow-up

Sleep measure	Baseline mean (SD)	12-week follow-up mean (SD)	Unadjusted difference β (95 % CI)^a	P-value	Adjusted difference β (95 % CI)^b	P-value
Sleep quantity on work/school nights (hours/night)
Sleep/activity group	5.82 (1.40)	6.34 (1.41)	0.306 (−0.155, 0.766)	0.19	0.335 (−0.134, 0.805)	0.16
Smoking cessation group	6.42 (1.44)	6.39 (1.48)	0.306 (−0.155, 0.766)	0.19	0.335 (−0.134, 0.805)	0.16
Sleep quantity on non-work/non-school nights (hours/night)
Sleep/activity group	7.50 (2.14)	7.93 (2.05)	0.060 (−0.649, 0.769)	0.87	−0.023 (−0.724, 0.678)	0.95
Smoking cessation group	8.32 (2.05)	8.18 (1.95)	0.060 (−0.649, 0.769)	0.87	−0.023 (−0.724, 0.678)	0.95
Sleep quality score^c
Sleep/activity group	17.52 (4.74)	15.82 (4.61)	0.074 (−1.529, 1.676)	0.93	0.078 (−1.548, 1.705)	0.92
Smoking cessation group	17.00 (5.50)	15.53 (4.80)	0.074 (−1.529, 1.676)	0.93	0.078 (−1.548, 1.705)	0.92

SD Standard deviation, CI Confidence interval
n = 116
^aAdjusted for baseline sleep
^bAdjusted for baseline sleep, change in physical activity, smoking status at follow-up, daily text messaging usage, sex, educational attainment, and race
^cSleep quality was assessed using 8 self-report items adapted from the PSQI; scores were the sum of participants' quantified responses for each item, with higher scores being indicative of poorer sleep quality (possible scores ranged from 8 to 32)

ISSN: 1471-2458