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Table 4 Trends in self-reported non-victimization in target districts and the rest of the Netherlands; stratified by subgroup

From: Are area-based initiatives able to improve area safety in deprived areas? A quasi-experimental evaluation of the Dutch District Approach

 

Trend in non-victimizationa (regression coefficient ß (95 % Confidence Interval))

Pre intervention

Intervention

Intervention versus pre intervention

(2005–2008)

(2008–2011)

Gender

 Men

Target districts (A)

0.07 (−0.03 – 0.18)

0.04 (−0.09 – 0.17)

−0.03 (−0.24 – 0.17)

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.04 (0.01 – 0.07)*

0.04 (0.01 – 0.07)*

0.00 (−0.04 – 0.04)

 

A versus B

  

−0.03 (−0.23 – 0.18)

 Women

Target districts (A)

−0.04 (−0.14 – 0.06)

0.18 (0.05 – 0.30)*

0.22 (0.02 – 0.41)*

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.06 (0.03 – 0.10)*

0.02 (−0.01 – 0.05)

−0.04 (−0.09 - -0.00)*

 

A versus B

  

0.26 (0.06 – 0.46)*

Age

 Younger

Target districts (A)

0.04 (−0.04 – 0.12)

0.04 (−0.06 – 0.14)

−0.00 (−0.16 – 0.16)

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.06 (0.03 – 0.08)*

0.03 (0.00 – 0.05)*

−0.03 (−0.06 – 0.01)

 

A versus B

  

0.03 (−0.13 – 0.19)

 Older

Target districts (A)

−0.09 (−0.25 – 0.06)

0.38 (0.18 – 0.58)*

0.47 (0.17 – 0.78)*

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.06 (0.01 – 0.10)*

0.05 (0.01 – 0.08)*

−0.01 (−0.07 – 0.05)

 

A versus B

  

0.48 (0.17 – 0.80)*

Educational level

 Lower

Target districts (A)

−0.10 (−0.21 – 0.01)

0.21 (0.07 – 0.36)*

0.31 (0.09 – 0.54)*

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.04 (−0.00 – 0.08)

0.01 (−0.02 – 0.05)

−0.02 (−0.08 – 0.03)

 

A versus B

  

0.34 (0.10 – 0.57)*

 Higher

Target districts (A)

0.12 (0.02 – 0.22)*

0.06 (−0.06 – 0.17)

−0.06 (−0.25 – 0.13)

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.06 (0.03 – 0.09)*

0.04 (0.01 – 0.06)*

−0.02 (−0.06 – 0.02)

 

A versus B

  

−0.04 (−0.23 – 0.15)

Intensity of safety interventions

 Lower

Target districts (A)

−0.07 (−0.19 – 0.06)

0.12 (0.03 – 0.27)

0.18 (−0.06 – 0.43)

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.05 (0.03 – 0.07)*

0.03 (0.01 – 0.05)*

−0.02 (−0.06 – 0.01)

 

A versus B

  

0.21 (−0.04 – 0.46)

 Higher

Target districts (A)

0.08 (−0.02 – 0.17)

0.09 (−0.03 – 0.20)

0.01 (−0.18 – 0.20)

 

Rest of NL (B)

0.05 (0.03 – 0.07)*

0.03 (0.01 – 0.05)*

−0.02 (−0.06 – 0.01)

 

A versus B

  

0.03 (−0.16 – 0.22)

  1. *P ≤ 0.05
  2. aTrend represents the yearly change in ln(odds) of non-victimization, adjusted for age, and/or ethnicity, and/or education