Table 1 Selected characteristics of participants aged 18–79 years in 1998 and 2008-11
All participants | Untreated participants | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1998 | 2008-2011 | 1998 | 2008-2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
N | 6,931 | 6,861 | 5,663 | 4,755 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
% | 95 %-CI | % | 95 %-CI | p | % | 95 %-CI | % | 95 %-CI | p | |||||||||||||||||
Men | 50.3 | ( | 49.1 | - | 51.6 | ) | 50.3 | ( | 48.7 | - | 51.9 | ) | 51.7 | ( | 50.3 | - | 53.1 | ) | 50.6 | ( | 48.7 | - | 52.5 | ) | ||
Women | 49.7 | ( | 48.4 | - | 50.9 | ) | 49.7 | ( | 48.1 | - | 51.3 | ) | 48.3 | ( | 46.9 | - | 49.7 | ) | 49.4 | ( | 47.5 | - | 51.3 | ) | ||
Mean age (years) | 47.4 | ( | 46.7 | - | 48.1 | ) | 47.4 | ( | 46.9 | - | 47.8 | ) | 43.6 | ( | 43.0 | - | 44.3 | ) | 42.1 | ( | 41.6 | - | 42.5 | ) | ||
Age groups | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18-29 years | 17.4 | ( | 16.1 | - | 18.7 | ) | 18.9 | ( | 18.0 | - | 19.8 | ) | 21.3 | ( | 19.8 | - | 22.9 | ) | 25.1 | ( | 24.0 | - | 26.3 | ) | ||
30-44 years | 26.8 | ( | 25.5 | - | 28.1 | ) | 25.2 | ( | 24.0 | - | 26.4 | ) | 31.7 | ( | 30.4 | - | 33.1 | ) | 31.7 | ( | 30.3 | - | 33.1 | ) | ||
45-64 years | 36.6 | ( | 35.3 | - | 37.9 | ) | 36.4 | ( | 35.0 | - | 37.8 | ) | 35.6 | ( | 34.2 | - | 37.1 | ) | 34.7 | ( | 32.9 | - | 36.5 | ) | ||
65-79 years | 19.3 | ( | 17.7 | - | 21.0 | ) | 19.5 | ( | 18.5 | - | 20.6 | ) | 11.3 | ( | 10.0 | - | 12.7 | ) | 8.5 | ( | 7.7 | - | 9.3 | ) | ||
BMI class | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
17,5-25 kg/m2 | 38.7 | ( | 37.0 | - | 40.5 | ) | 40.6 | ( | 39.0 | - | 42.2 | ) | 0.070 | 44.1 | ( | 42.1 | - | 46.1 | ) | 48.6 | ( | 46.6 | - | 50.6 | ) | 0.000 |
≥25-30 kg/m2 | 41.0 | ( | 39.6 | - | 42.3 | ) | 37.3 | ( | 36.0 | - | 38.7 | ) | 0.000 | 39.8 | ( | 38.2 | - | 41.3 | ) | 36.2 | ( | 34.6 | - | 37.8 | ) | 0.001 |
≥30-40 kg/m2 | 20.3 | ( | 18.9 | - | 21.8 | ) | 22.1 | ( | 20.7 | - | 23.6 | ) | 0.045 | 16.1 | ( | 14.7 | - | 17.7 | ) | 15.2 | ( | 13.8 | - | 16.7 | ) | 0.353 |
Mean SBP (mmHg) | 129.0 | ( | 128.2 | - | 129.7 | ) | 124.1 | ( | 123.5 | - | 124.6 | ) | 0.000 | 126.0 | ( | 125.4 | - | 126.7 | ) | 122.3 | ( | 121.7 | - | 122.8 | ) | 0.000 |
Mean DBP (mmHg) | 78.2 | ( | 77.8 | - | 78.7 | ) | 73.3 | ( | 72.9 | - | 73.6 | ) | 0.000 | 77.0 | ( | 76.5 | - | 77.4 | ) | 72.9 | ( | 72.5 | - | 73.2 | ) | 0.000 |
Hypertension prevalencea | 29.4 | ( | 27.6 | - | 31.2 | ) | 31.2 | ( | 29.6 | - | 32.8 | ) | 0.113 | / | ( | / | - | / | ) | / | ( | / | - | / | ) | / |
Prevalence BP ≥140/90 mmHg | 22.8 | ( | 21.1 | - | 24.6 | ) | 15.3 | ( | 14.0 | - | 16.8 | ) | 0.000 | 15.9 | ( | 14.5 | - | 17.4 | ) | 11.4 | ( | 10.1 | - | 12.8 | ) | 0.000 |
Antihypertensive medication | 19.2 | ( | 17.7 | - | 20.8 | ) | 25.3 | ( | 24.0 | - | 26.6 | ) | 0.000 | / | ( | / | - | / | ) | / | ( | / | - | / | ) | / |
Daily smoker | 26.5 | ( | 24.9 | - | 28.1 | ) | 23.7 | ( | 22.2 | - | 25.2 | ) | 0.001 | 29.9 | ( | 28.1 | - | 31.7 | ) | 26.9 | ( | 25.1 | - | 28.8 | ) | 0.005 |
Alcoholb | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
0 g/d | 19.6 | ( | 18.2 | - | 21.1 | ) | 14.4 | ( | 13.3 | - | 15.6 | ) | 0.000 | 17.8 | ( | 16.3 | - | 19.4 | ) | 14.0 | ( | 12.7 | - | 15.5 | ) | 0.000 |
<10/20 g/d | 61.2 | ( | 59.6 | - | 62.9 | ) | 69.5 | ( | 68.0 | - | 70.9 | ) | 0.000 | 62.7 | ( | 60.8 | - | 64.6 | ) | 70.5 | ( | 68.8 | - | 72.2 | ) | 0.000 |
>10/20 g/d | 19.2 | ( | 17.7 | - | 20.7 | ) | 16.1 | ( | 15.0 | - | 17.2 | ) | 0.000 | 19.5 | ( | 17.9 | - | 21.2 | ) | 15.5 | ( | 14.1 | - | 16.9 | ) | 0.000 |
Sports activity | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
>2 h/week | 19.1 | ( | 17.7 | - | 20.6 | ) | 25.8 | ( | 24.3 | - | 27.3 | ) | 0.000 | 21.0 | ( | 19.5 | - | 22.6 | ) | 27.6 | ( | 25.9 | - | 29.4 | ) | 0.000 |
<2 h/week | 32.0 | ( | 30.6 | - | 33.5 | ) | 41.6 | ( | 40.0 | - | 43.1 | ) | 0.000 | 33.9 | ( | 32.3 | - | 35.5 | ) | 42.0 | ( | 40.2 | - | 43.9 | ) | 0.000 |
no sports activity | 48.9 | ( | 46.9 | - | 50.9 | ) | 32.7 | ( | 31.1 | - | 34.3 | ) | 0.000 | 45.1 | ( | 43.2 | - | 47.1 | ) | 30.4 | ( | 28.6 | - | 32.2 | ) | 0.000 |
Socioeconomic status (SES) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
low | 19.4 | ( | 17.6 | - | 21.3 | ) | 19.6 | ( | 18.0 | - | 21.2 | ) | 0.834 | 18.3 | ( | 16.5 | - | 20.3 | ) | 18.7 | ( | 17.1 | - | 20.4 | ) | 0.726 |
medium | 60.5 | ( | 59.0 | - | 62.1 | ) | 60.4 | ( | 58.7 | - | 62.1 | ) | 0.905 | 60.9 | ( | 59.1 | - | 62.6 | ) | 59.7 | ( | 57.7 | - | 61.7 | ) | 0.320 |
high | 20.1 | ( | 18.2 | - | 22.2 | ) | 20.0 | ( | 18.4 | - | 21.8 | ) | 0.929 | 20.8 | ( | 18.9 | - | 22.9 | ) | 21.6 | ( | 19.7 | - | 23.6 | ) | 0.445 |