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Table 2 Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors (95 % confidence interval) among men and women aged 40–79 years

From: Modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in adults aged 40–79 years in Germany with and without prior coronary heart disease or stroke

Risk factor

Men

Women

Total (N = 2436)

No CHD or stroke (N = 2040)

CHD or Stroke (N = 396)

P

Total (N = 2665)

No CHD or stroke (N = 2449)

CHD or Stroke (N = 216)

P

Daily smoking

21.6

22.4

16.4

0.100

18

18.2

16.7

0.700

(19.1–24.3)

(19.5–25.6)

(11.5–22.9)

 

(16.1–20.2)

(16.2–20.3)

(10.2–26)

 

<2.5 h physical activity/week

80

79.6

82.7

0.300

84.7

84.5

86.4

0.600

(77.8–82.1)

(77.2–81.8)

(76.9–87.3)

 

(82.8–86.4)

(82.5–86.3)

(79–91.5)

 

Physically inactive (no physical activity in average week)

32.3

29.8

48.1

<0.001

36.2

34.8

52.9

<0.001

(29.7–35.1)

(27–32.7)

(40.8–55.5)

 

(33.6–39)

(32.1–37.7)

(44–61.7)

 

<2 portions fruit/day

71

71.5

67.7

0.300

61.3

60.7

68.8

0.100

(68.5–73.3)

(68.9–74)

(60.9–73.9)

 

(58.9–63.7)

(58.2–63.1)

(60.8–75.8)

 

<2 portions vegetable/day

93.9

93.8

93.7

0.900

87

86.7

90.7

0.200

(92.4–95.1)

(92.7–95.1)

(88.8–96.9)

 

(85–88.8)

(84.5–88.6)

(85.1–94.3)

 

<1 portions fish/week

66.5

64.8

70.2

0.100

69.1

68.6

74

0.200

(63.1–67.9)

(62.2–67.3)

(64.1–75.6)

 

(66.5–71.5)

(66–71.2)

(65.7–80.8)

 

Alcohol intake > 10 g/day (women) or 20 g/day (men)

21.4

21.3

21.9

0.800

14.4

15

7.6

0.100

(19.2–23.6)

(19.1–23.6)

(16.5–28.5)

 

(12.7–16.3)

(13.2–16.9)

(3.5–15.6)

 

Alcohol intake = 0 g/day

8

8

8.5

0.800

17.4

16.6

27.1

0.005

(6.6–9.6)

(6.3–10)

(5.1–13.7)

 

(15.3–19.8)

(14.4–19.2)

(20.2–35.3)

 

Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)

77.6

76.2

85.9

0.001

62.4

60.5

83.6

<0.001

(75.4–79.6)

(73.8–78.5)

(81.1–89.7)

 

(60–64.8)

(58–63)

(77.2–88.5)

 

Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)

27.8

25.7

40.3

<0.001

28.9

27.2

47.8

<0.001

(25.2–30.6)

(23.2–28.5)

(33.2–47.8)

 

(26.5–31.4)

(24.8–29.8)

(38.8–57)

 

BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg

23.4

23.8

20.9

0.300

17.8

17.8

18.4

0.800

(21.1–25.9)

(21.4–26.4)

(16.1–26.7)

 

(15.8–20.1)

(15.7–20.1)

(12.4–26.2)

 

Proportion of unawarea among those with BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg

36.1

39.6

10.3

<0.001

30.3

31.6

15.6

0.100

(31.3–41.1)

(34.6–44.9)

(4.2–23.1)

 

(25.5–35.5)

(26.5–37.2)

(6.7–32.3)

 

Proportion treated and awareb among those with BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg

40.5

36

73.2

<0.001

51.7

50.4

65.6

0.100

(35.3–46.1)

(30.6–41.8)

(58–84.3)

 

(46.6–56.8)

(45.3–55.6)

(46.9–80.5)

 

Elevated total cholesterol (TC ≥ 5.0 mmol/l)

65.2

68.8

43.6

<0.001

72.3

73.4

59.4

<0.001

(62.1–68.2)

(65.6–71.9)

(33.6–49.5)

 

(69.7–74.8)

(70.7–76)

(50.9–67.3)

 

Highly elevated TC (≥6.2 mmol/l)

22.8

24.5

12.6

0.001

26.5

27.1

19.7

0.100

(20.4–25.4)

(21.9–27.3)

(8.3–18.6)

 

(24.1–29.1)

(24.6–29.8)

(13.6–27.8)

 

Proportion of unawarea among those with TC ≥ 5.0 mmol/l

57.3

59.4

36.5

<0.001

57.7

59.4

33.1

<0.001

(53.9–60.6)

(55.7–62.9)

(27.2–47.1)

 

(54.7–60.7)

(56.3–62.5)

(23.6–44.2)

 

Proportion treated and awareb among those with TC ≥ 5.0 mmol/l

8.9

6.8

29.7

<0.001

9.3

8.1

26.6

<0.001

(7.3–10.7)

(5.4–8.4)

(21.1–40.1)

 

(7.7–11.2)

(6.5–10)

(18.5–36.7)

 
  1. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant (bold)
  2. BMI body mass index, BP blood pressure, CHD coronary heart disease, TC total cholesterol
  3. adefined as reported diagnosis of hypertension or dyslipidaemia
  4. bdefined as reported diagnosis of hypertension or dyslipidaemia in combination with reported use of antihypertensive or lipid-lowering drugs, respectively