Table 3 Measures used in the study

Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ)

Food Approach

Food Responsiveness (FR)

The child’s general appetite.

Enjoyment of Food (EF)

The child’s interest in food.

Emotional Overeating (EOE)

If the child eats as a response to emotions.

Desire to Drink (DD)

The child’s desire to drink

Food Avoidance

Satiety Responsiveness (SR)

If the child gets full easily or not.

Slowness in Eating (SE)

The child's speed of eating.

Emotional Undereating (EUE)

If the child eats less as a response to emotions.

Fussiness (FU)

The child eats a limited variety of food.

Lifestyle Behavior Checklist (LBC)

Problem Scale/Confidence Scale

Parent’s perceptions of child obesity related problem behavior. Parent’s confidence in handling problematic behaviors.

Overeating (OE)

If the child eats large potions or often asks for food.

Misbehavior in relation to food (MB)

If the child throws tantrums about food or gets angry if not given food.

Emotional correlates of being overweight (EMO)

If the child complains about e.g. peer problems, clothes being too small.

Physical Activity (PA)

If the child is reluctant to physical activity and engages in sedentary behaviors.

Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ)

Perceived Responsibility (PR)

Parental perception of their responsibility for child feeding.

Parent Perceived Weight (PPW)

Parental perception of their own weight status history.

Perceived Child Weight (PCW)

Parental perception of child weight status history.

Concern about child weight (CN)

Parental concern about the child’s risk of overweight.

Monitoring (MN)

The extent to which parent’s oversee the child’s food intake.

Restriction (RST)

The extent to which parents restrict the child’s access to food.

Pressure to Eat (PE)

Parent’s tendency to pressure the child to eat more food.

Family Assessment Device (FAD)

Problem Solving

Ability to resolve problems in the family.

Communication

Exchange of clear and direct verbal information.

Roles

Division of responsibility for completing family tasks.

Affective Responsiveness

Ability to respond with appropriate emotion

Affective Involvement

Degree to which family members are involved and interested in one another.

Behavior Control

Manner used to express and maintain standards of behavior.

General Functioning

Overall function in the family.

Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL)

Internalizing Scale

Emotionally Reactive

The child is easily disturbed, has mood swings etc.

Anxious/Depressed

The child is overly sensitive, clings to parent or too independent, sad etc.

Somatic Complaints

The child has aches, pain or vomits with no medical reason etc.

Withdrawn

The child shows little interest in people or surroundings, doesn’t answer etc.

Sleep Problems (not included in the Internalizing Scale)

The child doesn’t want to sleep alone, has nightmares, has little sleep etc.

Externalizing Scale

Attention Problems

The child can’t concentrate or sit still, wanders away et.

Aggressive behavior

The child is angry, defiant, disobedient, demanding, stubborn etc.

Beck’s Depression Inventory II (BDI-II)

Mood, Pessimism, Sense of Failure, Lack of Satisfaction, Guilt Feelings, Sense of Punishment, Self-dislike, Self-accusation, Suicidal Wishes, Crying, Irritability, Social Withdrawal, Indecisiveness, Distortion of Body Image, Work Inhibition, Sleep Disturbance, Fatigability, Loss of Appetite, Weight Loss, Somatic Preoccupation and Loss of Libido.

Symptoms and attitudes to assess intensity of depression.

Communicating with Children

Limit Setting Strategies

Parents limit setting strategies (consequent or not)

Emotional Regulation

Parents ability of emotional control