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Table 3 Association of caste with levels of childhood anemia

From: Caste-based social inequalities and childhood anemia in India: results from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2005–2006

  

Caste

 
  

Other castea

Other backward class

Scheduled tribe

Scheduled caste

 

Anemia levels

 

RR (95 % CI)

RR (95 % CI)

RR (95 % CI)

RR (95 % CI)

p-trend

Mild

Model 0

1

1.08 (1.04 - 1.13)

1.15 (1.10 - 1.22)

1.15 (1.10 - 1.21)

<0.001

Model 1

1

1.09 (1.04 - 1.13)

1.26 (1.19 - 1.73)

1.17 (1.11 - 1.22)

<0.001

Model 2

1

1.05 (1.01 - 1.09)

1.18 (1.11 - 1.25)

1.10 (1.05 - 1.16)

<0.001

Model 3

1

1.08 (1.04 - 1.16)

1.17 (1.10 - 1.24)

1.12 (1.07 - 1.18)

<0.001

Model 4

1

1.07 (1.02 - 1.11)

1.15 (1.08 - 1.22)

1.10 (1.05 - 1.15)

<0.001

Moderate

Model 0

1

1.16 (1.12 - 1.21)

1.25 (1.20 - 1.31)

1.28 (1.23 - 1.34)

<0.001

Model 1

1

1.15 (1.11 - 1.20)

1.36 (1.29 - 1.43)

1.26 (1.21 - 1.32)

<0.001

Model 2

1

1.11 (1.07 - 1.15)

1.24 (1.18 - 1.31)

1.19 (1.14 - 1.24)

<0.001

Model 3

1

1.16 (1.11 - 1.20)

1.25 (1.19 - 1.32)

1.23 (1.18 - 1.29)

<0.001

Model 4

1

1.13 (1.09 - 1.17)

1.23 (1.16 - 1.29)

1.19 (1.14 - 1.24)

<0.001

Severe

Model 0

1

1.46 (1.22 - 1.76)

1.26 (0.99 - 1.60)

2.07 (1.72 - 2.52)

<0.001

Model 1

1

1.48 (1.23 - 1.79)

1.62 (1.23 - 2.13)

2.09 (1.70 - 2.57)

<0.001

Model 2

1

1.36 (1.12 - 1.64)

1.38 (1.04 - 1.83)

1.84 (1.49 - 2.27)

<0.001

Model 3

1

1.46 (1.21 - 1.77)

1.47 (1.11 - 1.96)

2.01 (1.63 - 2.48)

<0.001

Model 4

1

1.35 (1.12 - 1.63)

1.38 (1.04 - 1.84)

1.87 (1.51 - 2.31)

<0.001

  1. aOther caste was considered as reference category
  2. Model 0 Univariate analysis
  3. Model 1 Model 1 + Child age, sex, birth order, religion, maternal age at first child birth, maternal BMI
  4. marital status, residence, occupation and smoking status
  5. Model 2 Model 2 + adult education (maternal and father’s education)
  6. Model 3 Model 2 + household wealth
  7. Model 4 Model 2 + adult education (maternal and father’s education) and household wealth
  8. (Shown are the risk ratio with 95 % confidence interval of developing mild, moderate and severe anemia among other backward castes, scheduled caste and scheduled tribe keeping other caste as reference category)