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Table 2 Association between combination of BMI and perception of body size and covariates in female

From: Combined effect of body mass index and body size perception on metabolic syndrome in South Korea: results of the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (2010-2012)

 

Females (n = 8,876)

BMI

≤22.9 (n = 4,219)

23.0–24.9 (n = 1,956)

≥25 (n = 2,701)

P-value

Perception of body size

Underweight (26.2 %)

Normal (57.6 %)

Overweight (16.3 %)

Underweight (5.7 %)

Normal (38.0 %)

Overweight (56.3 %)

Underweight (2.6 %)

Normal (14.9 %)

Overweight (82.5 %)

Variables

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

N/Mean

%/SD

Age (years)

                   

 19 ~ 29

135

18.1

293

39.3

116

15.5

0

0.0

15

2.0

67

9.0

0

0.0

1

0.1

119

16.0

<.0001

 30 ~ 39

183

10.7

659

38.5

265

15.5

0

0.0

46

2.7

231

13.5

0

0.0

12

0.7

314

18.4

 

 40 ~ 49

140

8.7

515

31.9

149

9.2

2

0.1

75

4.6

286

17.7

0

0.0

18

1.1

430

26.6

 

 50 ~ 59

163

9.1

446

24.9

104

5.8

6

0.3

153

8.5

294

16.4

6

0.3

52

2.9

569

31.7

 

 60 ~ 69

181

11.8

270

17.6

31

2.0

26

1.7

227

14.8

156

10.2

20

1.3

126

8.2

494

32.3

 

 ≥70

302

20.4

246

16.6

21

1.4

78

5.3

227

15.3

67

4.5

44

3.0

194

13.1

302

20.4

 

Income

 Low

329

17.2

364

19.0

57

3.0

70

3.7

240

12.5

128

6.7

43

2.2

195

10.2

487

25.5

<.0001

 Mid-low

252

11.0

587

25.7

164

7.2

19

0.8

202

8.8

297

13.0

12

0.5

115

5.0

640

28.0

 

 Mid-high

232

9.9

746

31.8

236

10.1

11

0.5

148

6.3

287

12.2

9

0.4

58

2.5

618

26.4

 

 High

291

12.5

732

31.4

229

9.8

12

0.5

153

6.6

389

16.7

6

0.3

35

1.5

483

20.7

 

Educational level

 Below elementary school

455

15.4

492

16.7

65

2.2

103

3.5

417

14.1

229

7.8

63

2.1

314

10.6

811

27.5

<.0001

 Middle school graduated

94

9.9

205

21.6

38

4.0

5

0.5

109

11.5

131

13.8

5

0.5

44

4.6

316

33.4

 

 High school graduated

254

9.3

833

30.4

300

11.0

4

0.1

151

5.5

420

15.3

1

0.0

33

1.2

741

27.1

 

 Above University graduated

301

13.4

899

40.1

283

12.6

0

0.0

66

2.9

321

14.3

1

0.0

12

0.5

360

16.0

 

Economic activity

 Yes

493

12.0

1,166

28.3

318

7.7

41

1.0

320

7.8

562

13.6

16

0.4

154

3.7

1,048

25.4

<.0001

 No

611

12.8

1,263

26.5

368

7.7

71

1.5

423

8.9

539

11.3

54

1.1

249

5.2

1,180

24.8

 

Marital status

 Married

708

10.8

1,832

28.1

540

8.3

50

0.8

534

8.2

894

13.7

34

0.5

232

3.6

1,704

26.1

<.0001

 Separated/Bereavement/Divorced

266

16.1

319

19.3

44

2.7

62

3.7

198

12.0

136

8.2

36

2.2

170

10.3

425

25.7

 

 Single

130

18.8

278

40.2

102

14.7

0

0.0

11

1.6

71

10.3

0

0.0

1

0.1

99

14.3

 

Sleep duration

 Less than 6 h

469

12.5

933

24.9

220

5.9

59

1.6

358

9.6

451

12.0

39

1.0

220

5.9

999

26.7

<.0001

 7–8 h

530

12.0

1,311

29.6

398

9.0

37

0.8

328

7.4

592

13.4

23

0.5

149

3.4

1,061

24.0

 

 More than 9 h

105

15.0

185

26.5

68

9.7

16

2.3

57

8.2

58

8.3

8

1.1

34

4.9

168

24.0

 

Smoking status

 Non-smoker/Ex-smoker

1,043

12.3

2,312

27.3

642

7.6

109

1.3

726

8.6

1,051

12.4

69

0.8

394

4.7

2,126

25.1

0.0019

 Smoker

61

15.1

117

29.0

44

10.9

3

0.7

17

4.2

50

12.4

1

0.2

9

2.2

102

25.2

 

Alcohol consumption

 Never

526

15.1

843

24.2

164

4.7

67

1.9

346

9.9

365

10.5

50

1.4

235

6.8

885

25.4

<.0001

 Less than 1 time per month

367

11.3

923

28.3

287

8.8

27

0.8

252

7.7

448

13.7

15

0.5

107

3.3

833

25.6

 

 Less than 3 times per week

188

9.5

622

31.5

223

11.3

15

0.8

126

6.4

270

13.7

4

0.2

54

2.7

472

23.9

 

 More than 4 times per week

23

14.2

41

25.3

12

7.4

3

1.9

19

11.7

18

11.1

1

0.6

7

4.3

38

23.5

 

Stress awareness

 High

360

14.6

637

25.8

225

9.1

40

1.6

164

6.6

287

11.6

26

1.1

84

3.4

648

26.2

<.0001

 Moderate

558

11.0

1,474

29.1

398

7.9

41

0.8

425

8.4

682

13.5

24

0.5

197

3.9

1,263

25.0

 

 Low

186

13.8

318

23.7

63

4.7

31

2.3

154

11.5

132

9.8

20

1.5

122

9.1

317

23.6

 

Moderate physical activity

 No

1,027

12.6

2,253

27.6

635

7.8

102

1.3

679

8.3

1,012

12.4

61

0.7

369

4.5

2,013

24.7

0.0755

 Yes

77

10.6

176

24.3

51

7.0

10

1.4

64

8.8

89

12.3

9

1.2

34

4.7

215

29.7

 

Survey year

 2010

330

11.8

752

26.8

222

7.9

38

1.4

227

8.1

382

13.6

21

0.7

125

4.5

708

25.2

<.0001

 2011

416

13.3

863

27.5

238

7.6

39

1.2

257

8.2

360

11.5

24

0.8

148

4.7

792

25.2

 

 2012

358

12.2

814

27.7

226

7.7

35

1.2

259

8.8

359

12.2

25

0.9

130

4.4

728

24.8

 

Menopause

 Not yet

464

11.1

1,499

35.8

534

12.8

3

0.1

152

3.6

599

14.3

0

0.0

34

0.8

898

21.5

0.7918

 Yes

640

13.6

930

19.8

152

3.2

109

2.3

591

12.6

502

10.7

70

1.5

369

7.9

1,330

28.3

 

Total energy intake

1,683.0

±649.9

1,747.8

±656.5

1,724.0

±699.4

1,447.7

±608.8

1,629.2

±576.5

1,683.4

±654.6

1,412.0

±423.2

1,610.2

±643.0

1,694.6

±650.1

<.0001

Total

1,104

12.4

2,429

27.4

686

7.7

112

1.3

743

8.4

1,101

12.4

70

0.8

403

4.5

2,228

25.1

 
  1. BMI body mass index