Dietary behaviour and parental socioeconomic position among adolescents: the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents 2003–2006 (KiGGS)

Finger, Jonas D.; Varnaccia, Gianni; Tylleskär, Thorkild; Lampert, Thomas; Mensink, Gert B. M.

doi:10.1186/s12889-015-1830-2

Table 2 Associations between nutrition indicators and covariates, adolescents aged 11–17 years, KiGGS 2003–2006, adjusted for parental education

From: Dietary behaviour and parental socioeconomic position among adolescents: the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents 2003–2006 (KiGGS)

	Study Sample	High fruit intake	High vegetable intake	Low intake of energy-dense food	High healthy nutrition score (HuSKY)
	n	OR 95 % CI	OR 95 % CI	OR 95 % CI	OR 95 % CI
Total	6359
Covariates
Age group
11–13	2892	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
14–15	1834	0.8 (0.7–0.9)^a	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	0.7 (0.6–0.8)^a	0.8 (0.7–0.9)^a
16–17	1633	0.7 (0.6–0.8)^a	0.7 (0.6–0.7)	0.7 (0.6–0.8)^a	0.6 (0.5–0.7)^a
Region in Germany
Former East	2160	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Former West	4199	0.7 (0.6–0.8)^a	1.3 (1.2–1.5)^a	1.3 (1.1–1.5)^a	0.8 (0.7–0.9)^a
Leisure time physical activity
Low	2384	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle	1849	1.2 (1.0–1.3)^a	1.3 (1.2–1.6)^a	1.1 (1.0–1.3)	1.2 (1.1–1.4)^a
High	1794	1.3 (1.2–1.5)^a	1.3 (1.2–1.5)^a	0.9 (0.8–1.0)	1.3 (1.1–1.5)^a
Missing	332	1.2 (1.0–1.6)	1.4 (1.1–1.9)^a	1.0 (1.0–1.3)	1.2 (0.9–1.6)
Media use
Low	2013	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle	2176	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.8 (0.7–1.0)^a	0.7 (0.6–0.8)^a	0.8 (0.7–0.9)^a
High	1880	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	0.7 (0.6–0.8)^a	0.4 (0.3–0.9)^a	0.6 (0.5–0.7)^a
Missing	290	1.3 (0.9–1.7)	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	0.7 (0.5–0.9)^a	1.0 (0.7–1.3)
Total energy expenditure
Low	1924	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Middle	1950	1.3 (1.1–1.5)^a	1.4 (1.2–1.6)^a	1.7 (1.4–1.9)^a	1.4 (1.2–1.6)^a
High	1945	1.4 (1.2–1.6)^a	1.6 (1.4–1.8)^a	1.8 (1.5–2.1)^a	1.8 (1.5–2.1)^a
Missing	540	1.5 (1.2–1.9)^a	1.5 (1.3–1.9)^a	1.4 (1.1–1.8)^a	1.5 (1.2–2.0)^a
Familial leisure activity
High	3354	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Low	2746	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	0.8 (0.7–0.9)^a	1.0 (0.9–1.1)
Missing	259	1.7 (1.3–2.2)^a	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	0.6 (0.4–0.7)^a	0.8 (0.6–1.0)^a
BMI-for-age
Above +2Z	553	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
+1 to +2 Z	1155	1.0 (0.8–1.3)	0.7 (0.6–0.9)^a	0.7 (0.6–0.9)^a	0.9 (0.7–1.1)
−1 to +1Z	3941	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	0.8 (0.7–1.0)	0.5 (0.4–0.7)^a	0.7 (0.6–0.9)^a
−2 to -1 Z	593	0.8 (0.6–1.1)	0.9 (0.7–1.2)	0.5 (0.3–0.6)^a	0.8 (0.6–1.1)
Below -2Z	117	0.6 (0.4–1.1)	0.7 (0.4–1.1)	0.4 (0.2–0.7)^a	0.8 (0.5–1.3)
Perceived weight status
Fat	1537	1.0	1.0	1.0	1.0
Normal	3654	1.2 (1.0–1.4)^a	1.1 (1.0–1.3)	1.4 (1.2–1.6)^a	1.1 (0.9–1.3)
Thin	1084	1.3 (1.1–1.6)^a	1.1 (0.9–1.3)	2.0 (1.6–2.4)^a	1.3 (1.0–1.5)^a
Missing	84	1.2 (0.7–1.8)	1.0 (0.6–1.7)	0.7 (0.4–1.4)	1.0 (0.6–1.6)

^aSignificant on a 95 % level of confidence

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