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Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies: study setting, sample size, and study participants

From: Effectiveness of peer support for improving glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

First author and year Country Study setting Baseline sample size (intervention/usual care) End of study number (intervention/usual care) Average age (intervention/usual care) Sex (Female) (intervention/usual care) Socioeconomic status Education level Average HbA1c at baseline (%) (intervention/usual care)
Thom 2013 [35] USA Public health clinics 148/151 122/114 54.1/56.3 years 53.0%/51.4% Low-income 35.6%: < high school education 9.84/10.14
Dang 2013 [36] Vietnam Diabetes outpatient clinic 51/51 42/44 NR NR NR NR 7.96/7.85
Prezio 2013 [37] USA Community health services clinic 90/90 78/78 47.9/45.7 years 66.7%/54.4% NR 24.1%: < 6 years; 46%: 6–11 years; 29.9%: ≥12 years. 8.9/8.7
Long 2012 [38] USA Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center 39/39 38/39 60/60 years 0/8% NR 68%: <12 years 9.8/9.9
Spencer 2011 [39] USA 2 Communities 84/99 58/69 50/55 year 75%/61% NR NR 8.6/8.5
Smith 2011 [17] Ireland 20 Practices 192/203 166/171 66.1/63.2 years 46%/46% NR 41%: primary education; 8%: third level education 7.2/7.2
Lorig 2009 [18] USA Community 186/159 161/133 67.7/65.4 years 62.4%/66.2% NR Mean: 15.9 ± 2.96 years 6.70/6.74
Lorig 2008 [40] USA Community 219/198 179/173 52.9/52.8 years 57.1%/67.2% NR Mean: 7.68 ± 4.49 years 7.44/7.38
Murrock 2009 [41] USA Community 24/22 20/18 58.5/67.1 years 100%/100% NR NR 7.7/7.4
Philis-Tsimikas 2011 [42] USA Community health centers 104/103 64/81 52.2/49.2 years 66.3%/74.8% The majority of participants were low-income 54.8%: < 8 years; 45.2%: ≥8 years 10.5/10.3
Lujan 2007 [43] USA Community clinic 75/75 71/70 58 years (total) 80% (total) 42%: ≦$10.000 per year 95%: < high school education 8.21/7.71
Samuel-Hodge 2009 [46] USA Churches 117/84 102/72 57.0/61.3 years 64%/63% 44%: ≦$10.000 per year mean: 12.6 ± 0.4 years 7.7/7.9
Feathers 2005 [45] USA Community health centers 111/98 91/98 58.5 years/NR 79%/79% NR 43.0%: < high school; 20.0%: high school; 23.0%: college 8.4/8.4
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