Study | SES measure | Sex | RR/OR/HR (95% CI) for low compared to high SES | Variables adjusted for | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unadjusted | Adjusted | ||||
Head & neck cancer | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Boing et al., 2011 [13] | Education | M + F | 2.27 (1.61, 3.19) | 1.58 (1.06, 2.36) | Age, sex, smoking, alcohol use |
Conway et al., 2010 [14] | Neighbourhooda | M + F | 3.62 (1.35, 9.71) | 1.90 (0.59, 6.09) | Age, sex, smoking, alcohol use |
Day et al., 1993 [15] | Education | M + F | · · · | White: 1.40 (1.00, 1.80) | Smoking, alcohol use |
Black: 1.20 (0.60, 2.60) | |||||
Greenberg et al., 1991 [16] | Education | M | · · · | 1.0 (0.7, 1.5) | Age, ethnicity, marital status, study area, smoking, alcohol use, snuff dipping, tobacco chewing, tooth loss, denture problems, education, occupational status, percentage of years worked |
Menvielle, et al., 2004 [17] | Education | M | 3.22 (2.01, 5.18) | 1.63 (0.90, 2.98) | Age, smoking, alcohol use |
Zatonski et al., 1991 [18] | Education | M | 2.94 (2.03, 4.27) | 2.51 (1.06, 5.94) | Age, smoking, alcohol use |
Female breast cancer | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Braaten et al., 2005 [22] | Education | F | 0.68 (0.56, 0.83) | 0.90 (0.73, 1.12) | Parity, alcohol use, OC, height, HRT, BMI, mammography, menopausal status |
Heck & Pamuk, 1997 [23] | Education | F | 0.44 (0.24, 0.80) | 0.66 (0.37, 1.19) | Age, education, income, ethnicity, family history of breast cancer, parity, age at menarche, age at menopause, OC, HRT, alcohol use, BMI, height |
Kruk et al., 2007 [25] | Education | F | · · · | Pre-menopausal: 2.39 (1.58, 3.60) | Age, BMI, stress experience, passive smoking |
Post-menopausal: 1.31 (0.98, 1.76) | |||||
Larsen et al., 2011 [26] | Education | F | 0.84 (0.70, 1.00) | 0.94 (0.79, 1.12) | HRT, parity, alcohol use, BMI |
Martin-Moreno et al., 1993 [27] | OSC | F | · · · | 0.63 (0.33, 1.17) | Age, study area, SES, BMI, total energy intake |
Melchior et al., 2005 [28] | OSC | F | 0.92 (0.44, 1.92) | 0.96 (0.46, 2.03) | Age, smoking, alcohol use, marital status, BMI, FVC, family history of breast cancer, age at first childbirth |
Robert et al., 2004 [29] | Education | F | 0.87 (0.77, 0.98) | 0.96 (0.84, 1.10) | Age, interview year, community SES, urbanicity, mammography, family history of breast cancer, parity, alcohol use, BMI, age at first birth, HRT, OC |
Oesophageal cancer | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Brown et al., 2001 [19] | Education | M | · · · | White: 1.50 (0.90, 2.60) | Age, study area, alcohol use, smoking, FVC |
M | · · · | Black: 3.10 (1.60, 6.10) | |||
Gammon et al., 1997 [20] | Income | M | · · · | 5.00 (1.67, 14.99) | Age, sex, study area, ethnicity, BMI, smoking, alcohol use |
Sharp et al., 2001 [21] | OSC | F | 1.51 (0.75, 3.06) | · · · | Not applicable |
Other cancers | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Braaten et al., 2005 [22] All cancers | Education | F | 0.95 (0.85, 1.07) | · · · | Not applicable |
Melchior et al., 2005 [28] All cancers | OSC | M | 1.47 (1.03, 2.09) | 1.35 (0.94, 1.93) | Age, smoking, alcohol use, marital status, BMI, FVC, family history of lung & oral cancer (M), occupational asbestos exposure (M), family history of breast cancer (F), parity (F) |
F | 1.00 (0.58, 1.73) | 1.03 (0.59, 1.80) | |||
Braaten et al., 2005 [22] Colon cancer | Education | F | 1.23 (0.70, 2.18) | · · · | Not applicable |
Braaten et al., 2005 [22] Rectal cancer | Education | F | 0.63 (0.33, 1.21) | · · · | Not applicable |
Joshi et al., 2008 [30] Liver cancer | OSC | M | 1.75 (1.48, 2.07) | 1.63 (1.38, 1.93) | Age, fasting serum glucose, BMI, alcohol use, smoking |
Melchior et al., 2005 [28] Smoking/alcohol-related cancersb | OSC | M | 2.18 (1.15, 4.11) | 1.54 (0.80, 2.97) | Age, smoking, alcohol use, marital status, BMI, FVC, family history of lung & oral cancer, occupational asbestos exposure |
Stroke | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Kivimaki et al., 2009 [32] | OSC | F | 2.28 (1.30, 3.90) | 1.88 (1.10, 3.20) | Hypertension, CHD, diabetes, smoking, alcohol use, PA, BMI |
Kuper et al., 2007 [33] | Education | F | 2.10 (1.40, 2.90) | 1.80 (1.30, 2.60) | Age, alcohol use |
Laaksonen, et al., 2008 [34] | Education | M + F | 1.59 (0.84, 2.99) | 1.57 (0.83, 2.96) | Age, age squared, study year, diabetes, myocardial infarction, CHD, heart failure, alcohol use |
McFadden et al., 2009 [35] | OSC | M | 2.84 (1.40, 5.74) | 2.90 (1.43, 5.87) | Age, alcohol use |
F | 2.32 (1.19, 4.49) | 2.05 (1.05, 4.00) | Â | ||
Veronesi et al., 2010 [37] | Education | M | 2.14 (1.25, 3.69) | 2.18 (1.26, 3.78) | Age, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, HDL cholesterol, alcohol use |
F | 0.54 (0.26, 1.12) | 0.40 (0.20, 0.85) | |||
Hypertension | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Dyer et al., 1999 [40] | Education | M | Black: 0.98 (0.72, 1.31) | Black: 1.01 (0.72, 1.41) | Age, systolic BP, BMI, waist circumference, PA, alcohol use, pulse, smoking, education, fasting insulin, triglycerides, uric acid and HDL cholesterol |
White: 0.57 (0.37, 0.86) | White: 0.48 (0.30, 0.76) | ||||
F | Black: 0.65 (0.47, 0.89) | Black: 0.67 (0.48, 0.94) | |||
White: 0.25 (0.15, 0.42) | White: 0.42 (0.23, 0.78) | ||||
Radi et al., 2005 [41] | OSC | F | · · · | 8.12 (1.30, 50.73) | Age, education, smoking (women), alcohol use, PA, social support at work, recent stressful life events, low support outside of work (women) |
Other conditions | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mattioli et al., 2006 [42] Atrial fibrillation | Education | M + F | 1.12 (0.50, 2.49) | · · · | Not applicable |
Petrovski et al., 2011 [43] Liver disease | Education | M + F | 3.22 (1.72, 6.03) | 2.86 (1.30, 6.26) | Age, smoking, alcohol use, PA |