Table 3 Results of gender-specific multivariate regression models predicting MVPA: unstandardized regression coefficients from two level models including predictors at the individual level (students) and school/contextual level (school administrators)

Level

N (students; schools)

(1464; 164)

(1295; 154)

Constant

3.47

3.67

3.56

3.49

Demographic

Age 11

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Age 13

-.24*

-.23

-.26*

-.24

Age 15

-.83**

-.82**

-.68**

-.66**

Migrational background of parents

none

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

one parent

-.04

-.02

.07

.06

both parents

-.38**

-.38**

.21

.17

FAS low

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

FAS medium

-.13

-.12

.22

.20

FAS high

.29

.29

.24

.23

Behavioral

Self-rated health >=good

.50**

.54**

.53**

.55**

Daily breakfast

.02

.05

-.01

.01

Fruit consumption >= 5 d/week

.49**

.51**

.64**

.64**

Vegetables consump. >= 5 d/week

.48**

.50**

.40**

.40**

Softdrink consumption >= 5 d/week

-.09

-.11

.35**

.34**

Biological

BMI – healthy range

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Underweight

-.00

-.01

.06

.02

Overweight /Obesity

-.28*

-.31**

-.49**

-.49**

Environmental

Perceived Living Area: housing problems (ref.: “no”)

-.30*

-.31*

-.07

-.06

School type “Gymnasium” vs. other (ref: “other”)

-.23*

-.09

Focus on health (general)^a

-.03

.05

Sport as area of health-promotion

-.31*

-.17

Swimming pool

.03

.28*

Football ground

.30*

.09

Activity-enhancing schoolyard

.08

.19

Playground

-.07

-.02

Skater area

-.17

.21

Sporting ground

-.09

.25

Track

-.05

-.30

Relaxing room

-.07

-.15

Structures accessible after school

-.03

-.05

R² (proportional error-reduction)

12.43%

13.69%

13.32%

14.30%

LR-Test^b (M3 vs. M1 & M4 vs. M2)