Table 4 Factors associated with stunting in school age children in Woreda 8 of Lideta sub-city, Addis Ababa, March, 2014
From: Undernutrition and associated risk factors among school age children in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Variable | Categories | Stunting | Crude odds ratio (95% CI) | Adjusted odds ratio¶(95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Yes | No | ||||
Religion | Orthodox | 54 | 264 | 1 | 1 |
Muslim | 12 | 63 | 0.93 (0.47-1.84) | 1.25 (0.42-3.69) | |
Protestant/Catholic | 24 | 42 | 2.79 (1.56-4.99)** | 3.29 (1.15-9.39)* | |
Maternal educational status | No formal education | 18 | 61 | 1 | 1 |
Primary | 19 | 172 | 0.37 (0.18-0 .76)** | 1.99 (0.12-3.26) | |
Secondary and above | 53 | 131 | 1.37 (0.74-2.54) | 6.96 (2.94-16.46) | |
Frequency of illness/infection in a year prior to the study period | No infection | 12 | 90 | 1 | 1 |
1 | 18 | 96 | 1.41 (0.64-3.08) | 0.07 (0.01-0.46) | |
>1 | 60 | 183 | 2.46 (1.26-4.80)** | 1.34 (0.35-5.09) | |
Presence of dirt in finger | Yes | 55 | 161 | 1 | 1 |
No | 35 | 208 | 0.49 (0.31-0.79)** | 0.2 (0.37-1.18) | |
Floor material of the house | Ceramic | 48 | 303 | 1 | 1 |
Mud | 42 | 66 | 4.02 (2.46-6.57) | 7.94 (2.22, 28.36)*** | |
Birth order | ≤2 | 51 | 270 | 1 | 1 |
>2 | 39 | 99 | 2.09 (1.29-3.36)* | 5.43 (2.62-11.25)*** | |
Maternal age | 20-35 | 39 | 228 | 1 | 1 |
36-45 | 45 | 102 | 2.58 (1.58-4.20)*** | 4.43 (2.08-9.47)*** | |
>45 | 8 | 37 | 1.26 (0.40-2.70) | 1.72 (0.54-5.50) | |
Maternal age at child birth | <20 | 19 | 59 | 1 | 1 |
20-30 | 50 | 271 | 0.57 (0.31-1.04) | 0.09 (0.03-0.29)*** | |
>30 | 21 | 39 | 1.67 (0.79-3.51) | 0.24 (0.04-1.40) | |
Working status of mother | House wife | 28 | 157 | 1 | 1 |
Employed | 62 | 204 | 1.70 (1.04-2.79)* | 1.89 (1.38-5.03)* | |
Meal frequency in a day | >3 | 26 | 199 | 1 | 1 |
≤3 | 64 | 170 | 2.88 (1.75-4.75)*** | 4.62 (2.71-7.89)*** | |