From: Seizing an opportunity: increasing use of cessation services following a tobacco tax increase
Characteristic | June–August 2012 (n = 478) | June–August 2013 (n = 895) | p-value | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | % | N | % | ||
Gender | 0.614 | ||||
Male | 171 | 35.8 | 308 | 34.4 | |
Female | 307 | 64.2 | 587 | 65.6 | |
Education | 0.543 | ||||
Less than high school | 17 | 3.6 | 31 | 3.6 | |
High school grad or GED | 95 | 20.4 | 189 | 21.7 | |
Some college/trade school | 155 | 33.3 | 314 | 36.1 | |
College graduate | 199 | 42.7 | 337 | 38.7 | |
Race | 0.307 | ||||
White | 435 | 94.8 | 793 | 94.1 | |
Black or African American | 10 | 2.2 | 27 | 3.2 | |
Asian | 6 | 1.3 | 12 | 1.4 | |
Native Hawaiian / Other Pacific Islander | 2 | 0.4 | 0 | 0.0 | |
American Indian or Alaskan Native | 6 | 1.3 | 11 | 1.3 | |
Ethnicity | 0.427 | ||||
No | 457 | 98.5 | 824 | 97.9 | |
Yes | 7 | 1.5 | 18 | 2.1 | |
Insurance | 0.065 | ||||
Uninsured | 120 | 25.6 | 191 | 21.7 | |
Medicaid (includes Medical Assistance and Prepaid Medical Assistance Program) | 19 | 4.1 | 42 | 4.8 | |
Medicare | 12 | 2.6 | 43 | 4.9 | |
Private | 250 | 53.3 | 468 | 53.2 | |
Other government (General Assistance or MinnesotaCare) | 4 | 0.9 | 21 | 2.4 | |
Other; unknown | 64 | 13.6 | 115 | 13.1 | |
Has health insurance | 0.107 | ||||
No | 120 | 25.6 | 191 | 21.7 | |
Yes | 349 | 74.4 | 689 | 78.3 | |
Sexual orientation | 0.458 | ||||
Heterosexual | 427 | 93.0 | 795 | 92.3 | |
Homosexual | 17 | 3.7 | 26 | 3.0 | |
Bisexual | 10 | 2.2 | 24 | 2.8 | |
Transgender | 0 | 0.0 | 5 | 0.6 | |
Other | 5 | 1.1 | 11 | 1.3 | |
Cigarettes per day | 0.240 | ||||
None | 108 | 22.6 | 194 | 21.7 | |
Low (<10) | 73 | 15.3 | 116 | 13.0 | |
Moderate (10 to 19) | 143 | 29.9 | 314 | 35.1 | |
Heavy (20+) | 154 | 32.2 | 271 | 30.3 | |
Time to first cigarette | 0.022 | ||||
Within 5 minutes after waking | 112 | 30.3 | 219 | 31.2 | |
6 to 30 minutes after waking | 131 | 35.4 | 300 | 42.8 | |
31 to 60 minutes after waking | 86 | 23.2 | 117 | 16.7 | |
>60 minutes after waking | 41 | 11.1 | 65 | 9.3 | |
Quit status at intake | 0.529 | ||||
No; currently using tobacco | 382 | 81.4 | 728 | 82.8 | |
Yes | 87 | 18.6 | 151 | 17.2 | |
Quit confidence at intake | 0.642 | ||||
Low (1–5) | 194 | 41.3 | 340 | 38.7 | |
Moderate (6–8) | 189 | 40.2 | 372 | 42.3 | |
High (9–10) | 87 | 18.5 | 167 | 19.0 | |
Quit motivation at intake | 0.113 | ||||
Low (1–5) | 44 | 9.4 | 83 | 9.4 | |
Moderate (6–8) | 222 | 47.2 | 365 | 41.5 | |
High (9–10) | 204 | 43.4 | 431 | 49.0 | |
Employment | 0.394 | ||||
Full-time | 297 | 63.5 | 589 | 67.9 | |
Part-time | 65 | 13.9 | 107 | 12.3 | |
Unemployed/laid-off | 39 | 8.3 | 58 | 6.7 | |
Not looking for work | 67 | 14.3 | 113 | 13.0 | |
Average age (stddev) | 35.4 (11.4) | 38.2 (11.6) | 0.000 |