BMC Public Health

Table 1 Predicted effects of a ‘fat tax’-induced 10% price increases in (i) cheese, butter and cream, (ii) prepared meals, and (iii) sugar-fat products* on quantities of nutrients purchased over a four-week period

From: Use and cumulation of evidence from modelling studies to inform policy on food taxes and subsidies: biting off more than we can chew?

	Predicted effect
	Modest households		Well-off households
Nutrient	Direction	Size (%)	Direction	Size (%)
Energy	↓	−3.6	↓	−3.4
Protein	↓	−3.0	↓	−2.9
Vegetable protein	↓	−5.4	↓	−5.4
Animal protein	↓	−2.3	↓	−2.1
Carbohydrate	↓	−5.1	↓	−5.0
Sugar	↓	−3.7	↓	−3.2
Starch	↓	−6.7	↓	−7.6
Fat	↓	−3.2	↓	−3.1
Saturated fat	↓	−4.5	↓	−4.3
Monounsaturated fat	↓	−3.3	↓	−3.2
Polyunsaturated fat	↑	+0.2	↑	+0.5
Cholesterol	↓	−4.7	↓	−4.5
Alcohol	↑	+2.4	↑	+1.3
Fibres	↓	−3.7	↓	−3.2
Retinol	↓	−2.6	↓	−2.4
Beta-carotene	↑	+0.9	↑	+0.7
Vitamin B1	↓	−4.3	↓	−4.3
Vitamin B2	↓	−3.1	↓	−3.0
Vitamin B3	↓	−2.2	↓	−2.1
Vitamin B5	↓	−2.9	↓	−2.7
Vitamin B6	↓	−3.0	↓	−2.8
Vitamin B9	↓	−2.7	↓	−2.3
Vitamin B12	↓	−0.8	↓	−0.5
Vitamin C	↓	−1.0	↓	−0.8
Vitamin D	↓	−1.6	↓	−1.0
Vitamin E	↑	+1.2	↑	+1.7
Iron	↓	−3.3	↓	−3.2
Calcium	↓	−3.2	↓	−2.9
Magnesium	↓	−3.3	↓	−2.9
Sodium	↓	−5.3	↓	−5.4
Phosphorus	↓	−3.4	↓	−3.2
Potassium	↓	−2.2	↓	−1.9

Source: Adapted from Allais 2010 [8]. *Candy, chocolate, cookies, pastry, ice cream, jam etc.

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