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Table 5 Determinants of stunting in children 6–59 months - adjusted odds ratio, Upper Egypt 2005 (N = 3893) and 2008 (N = 2708)

From: The rise in stunting in relation to avian influenza and food consumption patterns in Lower Egypt in comparison to Upper Egypt: results from 2005 and 2008 Demographic and Health Surveys

Factor

Adjusted OR 2005

P-value

95% CI

Adjusted OR 2008

P-value

95% CI

Residence

Urban (ref)

      

Rural

1.198

0.319

0.840 1.710

0.933

0.678

0.672, 1.295

Age of child

6-11 months (ref)

      

12-23 months

1.494

0.006

1.122, 1.991

2.616

<0.001

1.728, 3.960

24-35 months

1.047

.773

.764, 1.436

1.648

0.022

1.074, 2.527

36-47 months

0.976

.883

.701, 1.357

1.570

0.043

1.014. 2.430

48-59 months

1.053

.795

.714, 1.551

1.833

0.018

1.109, 3.030

Sex of child

Females (ref)

      

Males

1.223

.044

1.005, 1.487

1.077

0.536

0.851, 1.365

Wealth Quintile

Poorest (ref)

      

Poorer

0.599

<.001

0.462,0 .778

0.879

0.335

0.677, 1.142

Middle

0.603

0.001

0.448, 0.813

0.656

0.014

0.469, .919

Richer

0.481

0.001

0.315, 0.733

0.686

0.095

0.441, 1.068

Richest

0.463

0.008

0.263, 0.815

0.519

0.013

0.310, 0.868

Perceived size of child at birth

Very small or Small

1.444

0.006

1.112, 1.875

1.475

0.007

1.114, 1.954

Average or Larger (ref)

      

Birth Intervals

<24 months

0.983

0.904

0.746, 1.296

0.804

0.210

0.571, 1.132

24-35 months

1.066

0.648

0.810, 1.402

0.774

0.112

0.565, 1.061

36-47 months (ref)

      

48+ months

0.814

0.191

0.598, 1.108

0.666

0.008

0.495,0.897

Avian influenza

Household ownership of poultry/birds

0.943

0.572

0.769, 1.157

1.185

0.182

0.923, 1.522

  1. Significant predictors bold-faced, p-values.