Systematic review of cigar smoking and all cause and smoking related mortality

BMC Public Health

Table 19 Current cigar smoking and coronary heart disease

Study	Cohort name	Cigar smoker deaths	Effect estimate	95% CI	Measure	Primary/secondary*	Adjustment	ICD codes
*Current Cigar*
Kahn1966	Dorn study	623	1.04	(0.96, 1.13)	SMR		Age	ICD 7: 420
Carstensen1987	Swedish Census Cohort	42	1.16	(0.84, 1.57)	SMR		Age, residence	ICD 8: 410-414
Ben-Shlomo1994	Whitehall study	4	0.45	(0.17, 1.22)	IRR	Primary	Age	ICD 8: 410-414
Ben-Shlomo1994	Whitehall study	42	0.91	(0.65, 1.27)	IRR	Secondary	Age	ICD 8: 410-414
Shanks1998	CPS-I	1505	1.05	(1.00, 1.11)	IRR	Primary	Age
Shanks1998	CPS-I	609	1.09	(1.01, 1.18)	IRR	Secondary	Age
Jacobs1999	CPS-II (age 30–74 years)	98	1.30	(1.05, 1.62)	HR	Primary	Age, BMI, blood pressure/hypertension, alcohol consumption, education, exercise level, environmental tob smoke, vit C supplements	ICD 9: 410-414
Jacobs1999	CPS-II (age 75+ years)	64	0.93	(0.72, 1.21)	HR	Primary	Age, BMI, blood pressure/hypertension, alcohol consumption, education, exercise level, environmental tob smoke, vit C supplements	ICD 9: 410-414
*Current Cigar and/or Pipe*
Jajich1984	Cook County, IL	32	1.67	(1.11, 2.50)	IRR
Wald1997	British United Provident Association	33	0.98	(0.67, 1.44)	HR	Primary	Age	ICD 9: 410-414
Wald1997	British United Provident Association	25	1.29	(0.88, 1.99)	HR	Secondary	Age	ICD 9: 410-414

*Primary cigar smoking: current, exclusive cigar smoking with no previous history of cigarette or pipe smoking; primary cigar and/or pipe smoking: current, exclusive cigar and/or pipe smoking with no previous history of cigarette smoking; secondary cigar smoking: current, exclusive cigar smoking with previous history of cigarette or pipe smoking; secondary cigar and/or pipe smoking: current, exclusive cigar and/or pipe smoking with previous history of cigarette smoking.

ISSN: 1471-2458