Table 1 Study population characteristics by sex and original study recruited from, Hyderabad DXA study 2009-2010

N

447

382

829

964

415

1379

Age

50.5( 8.6)

47.2( 7.9)

49.0 (8.4)

20.8( 1.1)

21.0( 1.2)

20.8 (1.2)

Weight (kg)

67.3 (11.4)

62.4 (11.8)

65.1 (11.9)

54.8 (8.7)

44.4 (7.6)

51.6 (9.7)

BMI†

24.7( 3.7)

26.9( 4.7)

25.7 (4.3)

19.7( 2.8)

19.0( 2.9)

19.5 (2.8)

WHR†

0.94(0.06)

0.84(0.06)

0.89 (0.08)

0.82(0.04)

0.76(0.05)

0.80 (0.05)

Total body fat (g)

16724(5570)

23845(6881)

20006 (7149)

8025(7819,8237) ^†

12141(11770,12523) ^†

9090 (8885, 9299) ^†

Body fat (% of body weight)

24.3 (4.9)

37.7 (5.0)

30.5 (8.3)

15.7 (5.0)

28.3 (5.3)

19.5 (7.7)

Fat in L1L4 region (g)

2480(1016)

2831(1098)

2642 (1069)

732( 708, 757) ^†

895( 854, 937) ^†

777 (756, 799) ^†

Percentage fat of L1L4 region (%)

27.4( 6.7)

34.2( 6.8)

30.6 (7.6)

13.0(12.6,13.3) ^†

19.8(19.1,20.4) ^†

14.7 (14.4, 15.0) ^†

Percentage of total body fat in L1L4 region (%)

14.5( 2.3)

11.6( 2.2)

13.1 (2.7)

9.3( 1.8)

7.5( 1.7)

8.8 (1.9)

Height (cm)

165.1( 6.2)

152.2( 5.7)

159.2 (8.8)

166.6( 6.3)

152.7( 5.2)

162.4 (8.8)

Daily energy intake (kcal)

2692( 824)

2023( 567)

2384 (791)

3288(1129)

2071( 632)

2922 (1150)

Energy density (kcal/g)

1.15(0.13)

1.10(0.14)

1.12 (0.14)

1.18(0.12)

1.19(0.18)

1.18 (0.14)

Percentage of calories from fat (%)

24.7( 5.5)

25.6( 5.5)

25.1 (5.5)

19.9( 5.6)

19.9( 6.1)

19.9 (5.8)

Percentage of calories from protein (%)

10.7( 1.1)

10.8( 1.1)

10.8 (1.1)

9.7( 0.9)

9.6( 0.9)

9.7 (0.9)

Percentage of calories from carbohydrates (%)

63.5( 6.5)

63.7( 6.1)

63.6 (6.3)

70.2( 6.1)

70.6( 6.5)

70.4 (6.2)

Total METS (hrs/day)

38.2( 5.7)

35.2( 5.2)

36.8 (5.6)

40.1( 6.5)

36.6( 5.3)

39.1 (6.4)

Sedentary activity time (mins per day)

380(169)

548(191)

457 (198)

367(203)

438 (188)

388 (201)

MVPA time (mins per day)*

160 (100, 254)

50 (26,93)

102 (47, 193)

196(116, 295)

70(35,135)

155 (77, 263)

Standard of living index

24.6 (6.1)

24.4 (6.7)

24.5 (6.4)

18.7(4.2)

17.7(4.5)

18.4 (4.3)