Diarrhea and health inequity among Indigenous children in Brazil: results from the First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition

Table 1 Prevalence rates of reported diarrhea during the previous week among Indigenous children < 5 years of age, with prevalence ratios and confidence intervals, according to sociodemographic (first level) characteristics

Characteristic studied	N^†	Prevalence (%)	Crude PR	CI 95%
Region
South/Southeast	853	15.86	1.00	Reference
Northeast	1297	19.48	1.09	0.74–1.58
Central-West	1279	21.15	1.18	0.86–1.61
North	2399	38.06	2.12	1.56–2.88
Sex
Female	2845	22.72	1.00	Reference
Male	2983	24.13	0.94	0.85–1.05
Child’s age (months)			p = 0.000*
0 to 5	628	17.37	1.00	Reference
6 to 23	1804	35.90	2.07	1.67–2.55
24 to 35	1126	24.78	1.43	1.16–1.75
36 to 59	2270	14.97	0.86	0.68–1.09
Maternal schooling (years)			p = 0.023*
0	1037	24.56	1.37	1.04–1.80
1 to 4	2555	25.22	1.41	1.16–1.72
5 to 9	1469	22.78	1.27	1.04–1.55
≥10	767	17.91	1.00	Reference
Regular income
Yes	2518	22.97	1.00	Reference
No	3542	23.89	1.03	0.89–1.19
Household goods index (tertile)			p = 0.000*
1st	2236	27.60	1.55	1.25–1.93
2nd	2051	24.67	1.39	1.15–1.68
3rd	1541	17.77	1.00	Reference

First National Survey of Indigenous People’s Health and Nutrition, Brazil, 2008–2009.
PR: Prevalence ratio.
CI: Confidence interval.
^†Maximum N for each category, which may vary between variables due to missing data.
*Student’s t-test for linear trend.

ISSN: 1471-2458