Table 3 Total metal concentration (ppm) in four distinct sections of the waterpipe smoking process for each of the four waterpipe tobacco samples
From: Compartmental analysis of metals in waterpipe smoking technique
12LWMBR | 13LWMBR | O6GRPBR | 01APPRD | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Metal concentration in ppm ± standard deviation (faction of total in sample) | ||||
Original sample | 1653.49 ± 439.63 | 1434.51 ± 365.62 | 572.22 ± 117.71 | 2123.98 ± 482.14 |
(1.0) | (1.0) | (1.0) | (1.0) | |
Ash residue | 609.47 ± 144.25 | 473.45 ± 121.86 | 374.44 ± 97.32 | 492.72 ± 119.98 |
(0.37) | (0.33) | (0.65) | (0.23) | |
Vater vessel | 38.54 ± 11.19 | 52.98 ± 15.01 | 16.30 ± 3.96 | 54.65 ± 15.38 |
(0.02) | (0.04) | (0.03) | (0.03) | |
Smoke | 1005.45 ± 286.33 | 888.86 ± 228.82 | 181.43 ± 33.37 | 1576.59 ± 348.39 |
(0.61) | (0.62) | (0.32) | (0.74) | |
Of which >0.045 μm | 87.95 ± 21.35 | 40.33 ± 11.56 | 55.76 ± 9.64 | 45.25 ± 8.72 |