Table 3 Association of smoking related factors with the risk of adolescents’ cigarette smoking in Madinah, Saudi Arabia
Smokers (n = 504) | Non-smoker (n = 2818) | OR | 95% CI | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Parents smoking | ||||
No | 393 | 2254 | 1.00 | Ref. |
One parent | 135 | 526 | 1.69 | 1.35-2.10 |
Both | 26 | 38 | 4.50 | 2.70-7.50 |
Friends smoking | ||||
No | 94 | 1799 | 1.00 | Ref. |
Some | 233 | 780 | 4.70 | 4.43-7.36 |
Most or all | 127 | 239 | 14.10 | 10.6-18.8 |
Belief that smoking is harmful | ||||
No | 96 | 247 | 1.00 | Ref. |
Yes | 408 | 2571 | 0.40 | 0.32-0.53 |
Belief that smokers have more friends | ||||
No | 196 | 962 | 1.00 | Ref. |
Yes | 308 | 1856 | 1.22 | 1.00-1.49 |
Have seen cigarette advertisements in mass media | ||||
No | 499 | 2319 | 1.00 | Ref. |
Yes | 123 | 381 | 1.50 | 1.19-1.87 |