Table 1 Basic maternal and perinatal characteristics of the study population in relation to asthma ever
From: Maternal socioeconomic status and the risk of asthma among offspring
Characteristics | No asthma N(%) | Asthma N(%) | pvalue |
|---|---|---|---|
Maternal age, years | |||
<20 | 1246(3.3) | 69(2.7) | |
20-29 | 19 613(52.3) | 1366(54.2) | |
30-39 | 15 544(41.3) | 1015(40.3) | |
≥40 | 1197(3.2) | 68(2.7) | 0.083 |
Maternal parity, primiparous | 15 359(40.7) | 967(38.4) | 0.016 |
Maternal asthma | 1016(2.7) | 113(4.5) | <0.001 |
Maternal gestational diabetes mellitus | 2619(7.0) | 143(5.7) | 0.014 |
Maternal hypertension | 716(1.9) | 74(2.9) | <0.001 |
Assisted reproduction technology, index pregnancy 1 | 1514(4.0) | 142(5.6) | <0.001 |
Pre-pregnancy BMI*, kg/m 2 | |||
<25 | 25 675(71.4) | 1702(70.6) | |
25-29.9 | 7105(19.8) | 480(19.9) | |
≥30 | 3182(8.8) | 228(9.5) | 0.557 |
Marital status | |||
Unmarried | 3938(10.5) | 274(10.9) | |
Married or cohabiting | 33 662(89.5) | 2244(89.1) | 0.518 |
Socioeconomic status | |||
Upper white-collar worker | 5375(14.3) | 359(14.3) | |
Lower white-collar worker | 13 790(36.7) | 973(38.6) | |
Blue-collar worker | 7528(20.0) | 477(18.9) | |
Entrepreneurs | 1115(3.0) | 52(2.1) | |
Other | 7582(20.2) | 543(21.6) | |
Missing | 2210(5.9) | 114(4.5) | 0.001 |
Parental smoking** | |||
Non-smoking parents | 19 215(55.2) | 1240(52.3) | |
Maternal/paternal smoking | 8992(25.8) | 633(26.7) | |
Both smoking parents | 6620(19.0) | 498(21.0) | 0.013 |
Mode of delivery | |||
Vaginal | 31 288(83.2) | 2000(79.4) | |
Cesarean delivery | 6312(16.8) | 518(20.6) | <0.001 |
Sex of child, boy | 18 940(50.4) | 1521(60.4) | <0.001 |
Gestational age at birth, weeks | |||
<28 | 129(0.3) | 50(2.0) | |
28-32 | 341(0.9) | 80(3.2) | |
33-36 | 1579(4.2) | 149(5.9) | |
37-40 | 26 253(69.8) | 1724(68.5) | |
≥41 | 9298(24.7) | 515(20.5) | <0.001 |
Birth weight <2500 grams | 1482(3.9) | 221(8.8) | <0.001 |
Small for gestational age (SGA) | 13569(9.5) | 263(10.4) | 0.117 |
Asthma prevalence by age group, years | |||
1-6 | 13 251(35.2) | 445(17.7) | |
7-12 | 10 390(27.6) | 945(37.5) | |
≥13 | 13 959(37.1) | 1128(44.8) | <0.001 |
Mean age at the onset of asthma, years (±SD) | 4.2(3.5) | ||
Total study population | 37600(93.7) | 2518(6.3) |