Skip to main content

Table 3 Percentage of city and rural respondents indicating source would be (i) 'helpful' or (ii) 'harmful' for the person in the vignette.

From: Mental health literacy as a function of remoteness of residence: an Australian national study

(i) HELPFUL

Depression

Depression with suicidal ideation

Early schizophrenia

Chronic schizophrenia

 

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

General practitioner

Maj City*

87.5

 

84.3

 

77.2

 

76.9

 

IR

87.6

1.01 (0.61–1.67)

82.0

0.85 (0.56–1.29)

79.0

1.11 (0.76–1.62)

73.1

0.81 (0.55–1.20)

ORe/R/VR

85.1

0.82 (0.40–1.67)

88.5

1.43 (0.71–2.87)

65.3

0.56 (0.34–0.91)

79.8

1.19 (0.61–2.30)

Pharmacist

Maj City*

34.4

 

31.3

 

23.7

 

29.2

 

IR

38.8

1.21 (0.84–1.74)

34.2

1.14 (0.83–1.57)

22.9

0.95 (0.66–1.38)

23.9

0.76 (0.53–1.10)

ORe/R/VR

33.6

0.97 (0.62–1.52)

47.6

2.00 (1.32–3.03)

23.9

1.01 (0.64–1.59)

30.6

1.07 (0.68–1.70)

Counsellor

Maj City*

83.8

 

86.0

 

84.9

 

84.3

 

IR

81.4

0.84 (0.56–1.27)

84.5

0.89 (0.57–1.38)

86.7

1.17 (0.74–1.83)

79.0

0.70 (0.45–1.09)

ORe/R/VR

70.0

0.45 (0.26–0.77)

84.1

0.86 (0.50–1.49)

81.9

0.81 (0.44–1.46)

83.9

0.97 (0.57–1.65)

Social worker

Maj City*

62.1

 

68.1

 

69.5

 

81.2

 

IR

65.1

1.14 (0.82–1.58)

65.2

0.88 (0.62–1.23)

68.1

0.94 (0.65–1.36)

72.3

0.61 (0.40–0.91)

ORe/R/VR

61.8

0.99 (0.61–1.59)

65.5

0.89 (0.53–1.50)

59.1

0.63 (0.44–0.92)

79.7

0.91 (0.47–1.76)

Phone counselling

Maj City*

64.4

 

65.1

 

56.1

 

47.0

 

IR

63.9

0.98 (0.69–1.39)

67.1

1.09 (0.74–1.61)

58.7

1.11 (0.81–1.54)

46.1

0.96 (0.70–1.33)

ORe/R/VR

54.5

0.66 (0.42–1.04)

73.5

1.49 (0.82–2.71)

55.1

0.96 (0.60–1.55)

55.5

1.41 (0.80–2.49)

Psychiatrist

Maj City*

67.1

 

72.9

 

81.6

 

82.2

 

IR

60.4

0.75 (0.53–1.06)

67.5

0.78 (0.54–1.10)

82.4

1.06 (0.69–1.62)

76.6

0.71 (0.46–1.10)

ORe/R/VR

59.5

0.72 (0.46–1.12)

67.5

0.78 (0.45–1.34)

65.0

0.42 (0.24–0.75)

72.9

0.58 (0.34–1.01)

Psychologist

Maj City*

70.5

 

70.9

 

75.9

 

78.1

 

IR

61.6

0.67 (0.47–0.96)

65.9

0.80 (0.54–1.17)

72.1

0.82 (0.55–1.22)

65.4

0.53 (0.37–0.76)

ORe/R/VR

50.5

0.43 (0.25 0.72)

69.5

0.94 (0.56–1.58)

57.6

0.43 (0.25–0.74)

74.1

0.80 (0.45–1.440

Close family

Maj City*

69.2

 

65.0

 

62.4

 

63.0

 

IR

67.6

0.93 (0.62–1.39)

65.7

1.03 (0.71–1.51)

65.6

1.15 (0.84–1.57)

61.8

0.95 (0.65–1.40)

ORe/R/VR

56.7

0.58 (0.32–1.08)

60.5

0.83 (0.47–1.44)

57.2

0.81 (0.52–1.25)

46.8

0.52 (0.28–0.97)

Close friends

Maj City*

77.3

 

77.5

 

71.8

 

72.5

 

IR

81.5

1.29 (0.84–1.98)

76.0

0.92 (0.62–1.37)

77.9

1.39 (0.97–1.99)

71.2

0.94 (0.64–1.37)

ORe/R/VR

76.9

0.98 (0.50–1.92)

75.6

0.90 (0.52–1.54)

69.2

0.88 (0.53–1.47)

70.0

0.89 (0.51–1.54)

Naturopath/herbalist

Maj City*

33.5

 

30.3

 

21.7

 

19.3

 

IR

40.5

1.36 (0.93–1.97)

34.3

1.20 (0.79–1.82)

29.3

1.49 (1.02–2.18)

18.6

0.96 (0.64–1.43)

ORe/R/VR

31.7

0.92 (0.57–1.50)

38.3

1.43 (0.90–2.26)

25.8

1.25 (0.72–2.18)

21.7

1.16 (0.73–1.85)

Clergy

Maj City*

47.2

 

51.2

 

35.8

 

44.0

 

IR

42.9

0.84 (0.62–1.14)

51.6

1.02 (0.76–1.36)

42.4

1.32 (0.99–1.77)

39.3

0.82 (0.58–1.17)

ORe/R/VR

35.8

0.62 (0.36–1.09)

56.1

1.22 (0.78–1.90)

34.7

0.95 (0.54–1.69)

43.9

1.00 (0.57–1.76)

Psychiatric ward

Maj City*

17.5

 

21.2

 

32.0

 

36.8

 

IR

12.7

0.69 (0.43–1.09)

17.4

0.79 (0.50–1.23)

30.7

0.94 (0.67–1.33)

42.3

1.26 (0.88–1.79)

ORe/R/VR

17.0

0.97 (0.43–2.19)

19.5

0.90 (0.51–1.59)

35.2

1.16 (0.70–1.90)

33.7

0.87 (0.54–1.41)

Health educator

Maj City*

87.1

 

85.5

 

86.1

 

84.1

 

IR

85.5

0.88 (0.54–1.43)

85.7

1.01 (0.62–1.66)

86.3

1.02 (0.64–1.63)

84.4

1.03 (0.62–1.70)

ORe/R/VR

87.1

1.00 (0.53–1.90)

90.1

1.55 (0.69–3.46)

86.8

1.07 (0.52–2.19)

79.7

0.75 (0.35–1.58)

On-line expert

Maj City*

54.8

 

50.2

 

58.0

 

46.1

 

IR

51.5

0.88 (0.65–1.19)

45.4

0.83 (0.56–1.22)

50.3

0.73 (0.55–0.98)

39.7

0.77 (0.55–1.08)

ORe/R/VR

51.6

0.88 (0.55–1.41)

56.2

1.28 (0.82–1.99)

45.9

0.62 (0.38–1.01)

47.3

1.05 (0.56–1.99)

Deal with it alone

Maj City*

13.2

 

10.3

 

12.5

 

12.5

 

IR

13.4

1.02 (0.61–1.71)

7.1

0.67 (0.36–1.23)

6.9

0.52 (0.27–0.99)

8.5

0.65 (0.36–1.18)

ORe/R/VR

11.5

0.85 (0.39–1.89)

11.7

1.56 (0.59–2.25)

14.3

1.16 (0.55–2.46)

15.2

1.26 (0.65–2.43)

(ii) HARMFUL

Depression

Depression with suicidal ideation

Early schizophrenia

Chronic schizophrenia

 

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

%

Odds ratio (95% CI)

General practitioner

Maj City*

0.5

 

1.0

 

2.4

 

2.2

 

IR

0.2

-

1.9

-

2.5

1.04 (0.37–2.91)

3.9

1.81 (0.68–4.80)

ORe/R/VR

1.7

-

0.0

-

3.9

1.68 (0.52–5.46)

3.6

1.67 (0.36–7.69)

Pharmacist

Maj City*

8.9

 

6.9

 

8.5

 

8.7

 

IR

7.9

0.88 (0.35–2.21)

12.4

1.90 (0.98–3.68)

10.6

1.27 (0.72–2.24)

6.3

0.71 (0.34–1.50)

ORe/R/VR

9.4

1.06 (0.47–2.35)

7.1

1.03 (0.40–2.64)

3.2

0.36 (0.11–1.12)

9.0

1.04 (0.39–2.76)

Counsellor

Maj City*

2.2

 

2.3

 

3.1

 

2.2

 

IR

4.3

1.95 (0.81–4.70)

2.6

1.10 (0.46–2.64)

2.8

0.91 (0.36–2.29)

2.7

1.22 (0.38–3.87)

ORe/R/VR

7.8

3.68 (1.07–12.63)

0.5

0.23 (0.03–1.69)

3.2

1.03 (0.30–3.55)

3.7

1.73 (0.48–6.32)

Social worker

Maj City*

4.4

 

5.9

 

4.6

 

2.3

 

IR

3.7

0.84 (0.39–1.82)

4.4

0.73 (0.34–1.57)

3.2

0.68 (0.31–1.51)

4.5

2.01 (0.84–4.84)

ORe/R/VR

7.6

1.78 (0.63–5.02)

4.5

0.75 (0.24–2.32)

5.9

1.30 (0.46–3.62)

5.2

2.31 (0.67–8.01)

Phone counselling

Maj City*

4.8

 

6.7

 

7.6

 

11.8

 

IR

7.4

1.59 (0.82–3.09)

6.1

0.90 (0.39–2.08)

8.5

1.12 (0.59–2.13)

11.4

0.96 (0.56–1.67)

ORe/R/VR

12.0

2.70 (1.09–6.67)

2.9

0.42 (0.16–1.10)

4.9

0.62 (0.21–1.85)

5.1

0.41 (0.16–1.03)

Psychiatrist

Maj City*

6.0

 

7.8

 

5.2

 

3.8

 

IR

9.8

1.69 (0.85–3.39)

9.7

1.27 (0.72–2.22)

4.2

0.80 (0.32–1.98)

6.1

1.63 (0.83–3.21)

ORe/R/VR

9.8

1.70 (0.80–3.61)

6.8

0.87 (0.27–2.77)

9.3

1.88 (0.91–3.89)

7.6

2.07 (0.75–5.70)

Psychologist

Maj City*

3.5

 

5.0

 

3.4

 

3.1

 

IR

9.4

2.90 (1.32–6.36)

6.4

1.31 (0.64–2.69)

2.1

0.61 (0.22–1.74)

4.5

1.45 (0.63–3.38)

ORe/R/VR

7.7

2.32 (0.95–5.63)

4.0

0.80 (0.16–4.07)

4.8

1.43 (0.51–4.05)

4.9

1.59 (0.60–4.21)

Close family

Maj City*

4.4

 

3.6

 

4.7

 

5.3

 

IR

4.2

0.96 (0.46–1.99)

5.4

1.53 (0.72–3.26)

8.3

1.82 (0.98–3.40)

5.8

1.09 (0.57–2.06)

ORe/R/VR

11.3

2.81 (1.27–6.23)

4.3

1.20 (0.46–3.13)

6.1

1.31 (0.54–3.17)

4.0

0.74 (0.20–2.76)

Close friends

Maj City*

2.2

 

2.5

 

2.1

 

3.9

 

IR

1.4

0.63 (0.20–1.97)

2.9

1.16 (0.44–3.05)

5.3

2.65 (1.17–6.01)

1.7

0.42 (0.14–1.27)

ORe/R/VR

2.7

1.26 (0.26–6.05)

3.0

1.21 (0.36–4.04)

4.3

2.14 (0.73–6.30)

1.9

0.46 (0.12–1.83)

Naturopath/herbalist

Maj City*

10.3

 

13.3

 

16.6

 

13.7

 

IR

12.1

1.20 (0.67–2.17)

15.6

1.21 (0.78–1.88)

11.2

0.63 (0.39–1.02)

19.4

1.52 (0.93–2.48)

ORe/R/VR

16.2

1.69 (0.84–3.38)

6.7

0.47 (0.21–1.02)

13.1

0.76 (0.37–1.56)

13.8

1.00 (0.56–1.81)

Clergy

Maj City*

7.5

 

9.2

 

12.9

 

10.3

 

IR

8.4

1.13 (0.60–2.12)

9.6

1.05 (0.64–1.73)

7.0

0.51 (0.28–0.94)

11.0

1.08 (0.60–1.94)

ORe/R/VR

11.7

1.63 (0.54–4.92)

8.6

0.93 (0.48–1.80)

13.3

1.04 (0.53–2.05)

8.1

0.77 (0.34–1.71)

Psychiatric ward

Maj City*

51.6

 

50.1

 

37.6

 

32.7

 

IR

56.2

1.20 (0.83–1.74)

47.4

0.90 (0.64–1.26)

41.7

1.19 (0.87–1.62)

33.0

1.01 (0.72–1.43)

ORe/R/VR

60.0

1.41 (0.82–2.43)

47.2

0.89 (0.48–1.65)

42.5

1.23 (0.83–1.81)

37.4

1.23 (0.74–2.04)

Health educator

Maj City*

1.5

 

2.2

 

1.6

 

1.6

 

IR

0.7

0.44 (0.06–3.48)

1.4

0.61 (0.16–2.25)

0.8

0.52 (0.11–2.50)

1.7

1.07 (0.32–3.55)

ORe/R/VR

1.8

1.17 (0.24–5.73)

1.6

0.73 (0.17–3.24)

7.1

1.25 (0.28–5.60)

1.4

0.83 (0.10–6.76)

On-line expert

Maj City*

13.8

 

16.7

 

11.1

 

16.0

 

IR

15.3

1.13 (0.72–1.75)

17.5

1.06 (0.66–1.69)

18.3

1.79 (1.20–2.66)

22.9

1.55 (1.07–2.25)

ORe/R/VR

15.5

1.15 (0.64–2.08)

10.5

0.58 (0.24–1.40)

25.3

2.71 (1.72–4.26)

12.4

0.75 (0.40–1.39)

Deal with it alone

Maj City*

63.7

 

73.0

 

69.1

 

67.7

 

IR

65.5

1.08 (0.77–1.52)

79.0

1.39 (0.93–2.07)

73.2

1.22 (0.86–1.73)

70.9

1.17 (0.82–1.67)

ORe/R/VR

62.8

0.96 (0.61–1.52)

78.3

1.34 (0.77–2.32)

73.6

1.25 (0.68–2.28)

59.9

0.71 (0.43–1.20)

  1. Maj City = Major City, IR = Inner Regional, ORe/R/VR = Outer Regional/Remote/Very remote; *Reference category; CI = Confidence interval;
  2. Note: Bolded data: Odds Ratios significant with and without adjustment for demographic status (p < .05). Bolded italicised: Odds Ratios significant (unadjusted only). Italicised: Odds Ratios significant (adjusted only)