Anonymous 1997[13]
|
United States
|
1
|
NR
|
Moderate to severe
|
Adult
|
100%
|
NR
|
Asbring 2002[24]; Asbring 2004[21]
|
Sweden
|
12
|
1 to 23
|
A range: full time employed to sick leave, temporary disability or sickness pensions.
|
32 to 65
|
100%
|
NR
|
Ashby et al 2006[27]
|
United Kingdom
|
10
|
0.4 to 2
|
NR
|
8 to 16
|
70%
|
NR
|
Blake 1993[14]
|
Canada
|
1
|
NR
|
Severe
|
29
|
100%
|
Caucasian, well educated
|
Carlsen 2003[22]
|
Norway
|
5
|
NR
|
NR
|
23 to 67
|
80%
|
NR
|
Clarke 1999[6]; Clarke & James 2003[7]
|
Canada
|
59
|
A range
|
80% Severe; 20% moderate
|
18 to 80
|
65%
|
Ethnicity NR; a range of education levels
|
Denz-Penhey 1993[18]
|
New Zealand
|
10
|
NR
|
NR
|
6 to 18
|
NR
|
NR
|
Dumit, 2006[5]
|
United States
|
NR (180,000 on-line discussion postings)
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
Edwards et al 2007[8]
|
United Kingdom
|
8
|
<1
|
Moderate to severe
|
18 +
|
100%
|
White British, Chinese and mixed; Socioeconomic NR
|
Garralda & Rangel 2004[10]
|
United Kingdom
|
28
|
NR
|
Moderate to severe, but all at school or home tuition
|
10 to 18
|
78%
|
A range of ethnicity and social class
|
Gray & Fossey 2003[35]
|
Australia
|
5
|
2 to 10
|
Severe
|
16 to 44
|
NR
|
NR
|
Green et al 1999[11]
|
United States
|
44
|
Mean 4.1
|
NR
|
18 to 57
|
89%
|
A range of ethnicity; socioeconomic NR
|
Hammond 2002[34]
|
United Kingdom
|
586
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
Hoad 1994[15]
|
United Kingdom
|
1
|
3
|
Moderate
|
fifties
|
100%
|
White British; Socioeconomic NR
|
Horton-Salway 2004[28]
|
United Kingdom
|
15
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
NR
|
Jackson 1994[31]
|
United Kingdom
|
3
|
2 to 6
|
Severe
|
20 to 51
|
100%
|
NR
|
Jason et al 1996[40]
|
United States, Canada, Mexico
|
984
|
NR
|
A range
|
18 to 84
|
99%
|
NR
|
Lee et al 2001[30]
|
Canada
|
50
|
NR
|
Severe
|
20 to 64
|
56%
|
NR
|
Moore 2001[37]
|
United States
|
1
|
8
|
Moderate
|
NR
|
100%
|
Ethnicity NR; High education
|
Ong et al 2005[19]
|
United Kingdom
|
1
|
17
|
Severe
|
NR
|
100%
|
NR
|
Prins et al 2004[32]
|
The Netherlands
|
268
|
2 and more
|
NR
|
18 to 60
|
78.5%
|
NR
|
Rangel et al 2000[41]
|
United Kingdom
|
25
|
More than 3
|
Severe
|
12 to 20
|
NR
|
NR
|
Reynolds and Vivat 2006[26]
|
United Kingdom
|
3
|
16 and more
|
Moderate to severe
|
51 to 62
|
100%
|
White British; high education and 'home-maker'
|
Richards et al 2006[33]
|
United Kingdom
|
21
|
More than 3
|
Moderate to severe
|
11 to 20
|
62%
|
NR
|
Roche & Tucker 2003[23]
|
United Kingdom
|
≈ 474
|
A range
|
NR
|
12 to 20
|
NR
|
NR
|
Schoofs et al 2004[29]
|
United States
|
46
|
NR
|
NR
|
18 and more
|
91%
|
NR
|
Schweitzer et al 1995[36]
|
Australia
|
47
|
NR
|
Moderate to severe
|
26 to 50
|
70%
|
NR
|
Sutton 1996[17]
|
United Kingdom
|
2
|
15 to 30
|
Moderate to severe
|
NR
|
50%
|
NR
|
Taylor & Kielhofner 2003[12]
|
United States
|
1
|
3
|
Moderate
|
28
|
100%
|
2nd generation Irish immigrants; High education
|
Taylor 2004[9]
|
United States
|
47
|
NR
|
Moderate to severe
|
mean 49
|
96%
|
A range of ethnicity and social class
|
Weisstein, 2006[16]
|
United States
|
1
|
26
|
Extremely Severe
|
About 50
|
100%
|
Non- minority; High education
|
Whitehead 2006a[25]; 2006b[20]
|
United Kingdom
|
17
|
A range
|
Severe
|
13 to 63
|
65%
|
NR
|