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Table 5 Levels of disability and dependency, informal care arrangements and carer strain (among those identified as needing care), by site

From: Chronic disease prevalence and care among the elderly in urban and rural Beijing, China - a 10/66 Dementia Research Group cross-sectional survey

 

Xicheng (urban)

Total

(n = 183)

Daxing (rural)

Total

(n = 54)

Effect size for Rural vs. urban contrast, adjusting for age, gender and dementia status

Disability and dependency (in the care recipient) (MV)

0

2

 

WHODAS 12

Disability score (mean [SD])

44.2 (30.9)

50.2 (28.4)

1.7 (-6.8,10.3)1

Needs care 'much of the time'

119 (65.0%)

30 (55.6%)

0.81 (0.63, 1.05)2

Time spent by the carer assisting with ADL (MV)

0

0

 

0 hours

28 (15.3%)

7 (13.0%)

0.52 (0.43-0.63)3

1-4 hours

57 (31.1%)

26 (48.1%)

 

5 hours +

98 (53.6%)

21(38.9%)

 

Assistance provided for specific ADL (> one hour/day) (MV)

0

0

 

Supervision

16 (8.7%)

8 (14.8%)

1.64 (0.70-3.85)2

Communication

65 (35.5%)

22 (40.7%)

1.13 (0.78, 1.64)2

Using transport

8 (4.4%)

2 (3.7%)

0.93 (0.23, 3.75)2

Dressing

55 (30.1%)

10 (18.5%)

0.59 (0.33, 1.05)2

Eating

57 (31.1%)

15 (27.8%)

0.78 (0.50, 1.22)2

Grooming

57 (31.1%)

10 (18.5%)

0.55 (0.31, 1.00)2

Toileting

73 (39.9%)

14 (25.9%)

0.61 (0.38, 0.96)2

Bathing

57 (31.1%)

10 (18.5%)

0.55 (0.31, 1.00)2

Caregiver Strain

3

0

 

Zarit Burden Interview Score (mean [SD])

17.9 (17.7)

11.4 (13.3)

-8.7 (-3.9, -13.5)1

Caregiver mental health

   

SRQ-20 Score

   

Mean (SD)

0.9(2.3)

1.3(2.6)

0.1(-0.6,0.8)1

Median (IQR

0(0,1.0)

0 (0,1.0)

 

Characteristics of main carer (MV)

1

2

 

Relationship to older person

   

Spouse

71 (38.8%)

21 (38.9%)

-

Child

69 (37.7%)

21 (38.9%)

 

Daughter-/son-in-law or other relative

13 (7.1%)

11 (20.4%)

 

Non-relative

30 (16.4%)

1 (1.9%)

 

Gender

   

Female

123 (67.2%)

27 (50.0%)

1.15 (1.05, 1.27)2

Care arrangements (MV)

0

1

 

Daytime paid carer

83 (45.4%)

1 (1.9%)

0.05 (0.01, 0.33)2

Night time paid carer

81 (44.3%)

0

-

Carer cut back on work to care

7 (3.8%)

26 (48.1%)

11.7 (5.20, 26.4)2

Additional informal care

13 (7.1%)

12 (22.2%)

2.78 (1.37, 5.63)2

  1. Abbreviations used in the table: MV+ missing values; WHO-DAS 2.0 = World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule (12-item version); ADL = activities of daily living; SRQ-20 = Self Reporting Questionnaire (20 items).
  2. 1Mean difference from a general linear model, with 95% confidence intervals
  3. 2Prevalence ratios (PRs) from Poisson regression (robust 95% confidence intervals)
  4. 3Prevalence ratios (PRs) from ordinal regression,(robust 95% confidence intervals)