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Table 2 Percentage distribution of participant characteristics by language preference and acculturation index among 11,817 Latinos: CMHS.

From: Generational status and duration of residence predict diabetes prevalence among Latinos: the California Men's Health Study

 

Language preference

Acculturation Index

 
    

1st Gen-Years since migration

US-born

 
 

Span

Eng

P

< 10 y

11-15 y

16-25 y

> 25 y

2nd Gen

≥ 3rd Gen

P

Total (n (%))

2296 (19.4)

9521 (80.6)

 

174 (1.5)

309 (2.6)

1189 (10.1)

3538 (29.9)

1648 (14.0)

4954 (41.9)

 

Age (Mean, SD)

56.4

57.4

< .001

53.6

52.5

53.3

57.8

60.8

57.0

< .001

Education

  

< .001

      

< .001

   Less than high school

55.6

12.6

 

21.8

30.1

41.3

34.9

12.4

8.3

 

   High school or GED

12.3

19.7

 

10.3

9.1

10.8

16.1

21.6

21.2

 

   Vocational/technical school

9.8

7.3

 

12.1

7.4

9.3

9.6

6.1

6.4

 

   Some college

8.1

34.2

 

12.1

14.2

15.7

20.6

35.6

37.9

 

   College graduate

12.3

25.7

 

42.5

37.5

21.3

17.7

23.6

25.8

 

Marital status

  

< .001

      

< .001

   Married

87.1

81.9

 

82.2

86.7

86.1

86.1

83.0

79.5

 

   Never married

2.2

4.8

 

5.8

2.6

3.6

2.9

4.3

5.5

 

   Separated/divorced/widowed

9.5

13.0

 

12.1

10.0

9.6

10.3

12.3

14.6

 

Yearly household income ($)

  

< .001

      

< .001

   < $20 000

23.1

5.85

 

25.9

17.2

17.1

12.2

6.2

5.0

 

   20 000-39 999

45.7

20.0

 

42.5

42.1

41.4

29.3

23.4

16.8

 

   40 000-59 999

19.3

22.6

 

20.1

24.6

20.9

22.9

21.5

21.7

 

   60 000-79 999

6.1

20.4

 

3.5

8.1

10.3

14.9

19.1

22.0

 

   80 000-99 999

1.9

11.9

 

4.6

3.2

4.3

7.6

11.5

13.1

 

   ≥ 100 000

0.9

16.1

 

1.7

3.2

3.9

10.1

14.1

18.3

 

Body mass index (kg/m 2 )

  

< .001

      

< .001

   < 25

16.4

16.4

 

25.3

23.3

17.8

18.4

14.9

14.6

 

   25-29

53.6

49.4

 

52.3

52.1

53.2

53.8

49.9

46.8

 

   30-34

23.3

24.0

 

18.4

17.8

22.1

21.6

24.8

26.1

 

   35-39

5.1

7.3

 

3.5

4.5

5.3

4.6

7.7

8.8

 

   ≥ 40

1.7

2.9

 

0.6

2.3

1.5

1.6

2.8

3.7

 

Physical activity (METS-hours/week)

  

< .001

      

< .001

   Q1 (< 320)

46.5

29.4

 

40.2

48.5

41.6

36.9

26.1

28.5

 

   Q2 (320-1040)

23.8

24.5

 

24.1

22.3

25.9

24.9

23.3

24.1

 

   Q3 (1041-2147)

16.1

22.5

 

17.2

15.2

16.7

20.2

24.1

22.7

 

   Q4 (≥ 2148)

11.1

23.4

 

16.7

13.3

13.4

17.0

26.2

24.5

 

Alcohol consumption (gm/day)

  

< .001

      

< .001

   None

28.3

29.3

 

27.6

25.6

29.1

26.4

30.5

30.9

 

   Q1 (< 2.1)

39.5

24.0

 

37.9

42.4

35.3

30.7

22.9

22.4

 

   Q2 (2.1-8.2)

18.2

18.8

 

22.4

19.1

19.3

19.7

16.4

18.4

 

   Q3 (8.3-20.8)

8.6

15.2

 

9.2

9.1

10.3

13.3

15.8

15.1

 

   Q4 (≥ 20.9)

5.4

12.7

 

2.9

3.9

6.0

9.9

14.3

13.3

 

Total calories/day

  

< .001

      

< .001

   Q1 (< 1447)

51.5

35.5

 

43.7

46.0

47.4

44.8

37.3

31.8

 

   Q2 (1447-1990)

19.1

23.4

 

25.3

21.7

19.5

21.5

22.5

24.1

 

   Q3 (1991-2618)

13.9

19.6

 

12.6

15.9

15.7

17.4

18.7

20.3

 

   Q4 (≥ 2619)

15.6

21.5

 

18.4

16.5

17.3

16.4

21.6

23.9

 

% calories from fat

  

< .001

      

< .001

   Q1 (< 29.6)

27.1

22.9

 

24.7

26.9

28.5

28.2

22.4

19.6

 

   Q2 (29.6-34.9)

27.1

24.5

 

34.5

27.8

27.1

28.7

23.8

21.8

 

   Q3 (35.0-40.1)

28.1

26.1

 

26.4

30.1

27.5

25.3

25.4

27.3

 

   Q4 (≥ 40.2)

17.6

26.5

 

14.4

15.2

16.9

17.8

28.4

31.4

 

Hypertension

32.7

41.9

< .001

24.7

23.0

28.3

38.6

45.8

43.8

< .001

Dyslipidemia

59.7

66.0

< .001

53.5

58.9

57.4

65.7

68.0

65.7

< .001

Depression

11.4

10.0

.04

10.3

11.3

12.1

10.7

8.4

10.0

0.11

Current smoker

23.7

13.4

< .001

24.7

16.8

19.3

17.4

13.5

13.2

< .001

Diabetes

20.3

22.6

.02

12.1

13.3

16.7

21.3

25.5

23.8

< .001

  1. Span: Spanish. Eng: English. Gen: Generation.