A systematic review of longitudinal studies on the association between depression and smoking in adolescents

BMC Public Health

Table 3 Measures of smoking and depression used in 13 longitudinal studies that examined the association between smoking and depression in adolescents

Measures of smoking	Study(ies) that used the measure
One puff	[11, 39, 45, 65]
One cigarette	[26, 27, 34, 38, 46, 48, 76]
Ever (over 100 cigarettes)	[36]
No cigarettes in past 6 months	[33]
Last 30 days	[35, 48, 72]
Daily smoking	[26]
Total months of use	[27]
No. cigarettes per day	[37]
Three or more cigarettes per week	[42]
DSM nicotine dependence	[37]
Measures of depression	Study(ies) that used the measure
Structured or semi structured
Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorders	[42]
DIS for Children	[41]
DSM-III-R	[38]
Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment	[31, 66]
High Clinical Interview Schedule	[26]
Symptomatological
CES-D	[33, 35, 45, 65]
Depressed mood questions (unknown scales)	[32, 39, 46]
Mellinger Scale	[34, 36, 71]

ISSN: 1471-2458