Skip to main content

Table 2 Incidence rate and risk of Type 2 diabetes stratified by different risk factors.

From: Population-based incidence of Type 2 diabetes and its associated risk factors: results from a six-year cohort study in Iran

Risk factors

Number

Incident diabetes

Cumulative incidence

(%, 95% CI)

Odds ratio

(95% CI) *

P

Sex

    

0.04

   Males

1386

91

6.6 (5.3–8.0)

1

 

   Females

1921

146

7.6 (6.4–8.8)

1.3 (1.0–1.7)

 

   All

3307

237

7.2 (6.3–8.1)

  

Age (years)

    

<0.001

   20–34

1108

37

3.1 (2.4–4.6)

1

 

   35–49

1210

88

7.3‡ (5.9–8.9)

2.4 (1.6–3.6)

 

   50–64

711

86

12.1†(9.8–14.7)

4.3 (2.9–6.3)

 

   ≥ 65

206

26

12.6 (8.4–17.9)

4.5 (2.6–7.5)

 

Family history of diabetes

    

<0.001

   No

2335

129

5.6 (4.6–6.5)

1

 

   Yes

882

99

11.2‡ (9.2–13.5)

2.4 (1.8–3.2)

 

History of CVD

    

0.3

   No

3119

215

6.9 (6.0–7.8)

1

 

   Yes

113

16

14.2† (8.3–22.0)

1.3 (0.7–2.3)

 

Smoking

    

0.7

   Never

2650

189

7.1 (6.2–8.23)

1

 

   Current

361

30

7.2 (5.7–11.7)

1.0 (0.7–1.6)

 

   Past

193

18

7.3 (5.6–14.3)

0.7 (0.4–1.2)

 

Education

    

0.001

   Illiterate/primary school

972

119

12.2 (10.2–14.5)

1

 

   Secondary school

593

41

6.9‡ (5.0–9.3)

0.8 (0.5–1.2)

 

   Diploma and higher

1740

77

4.4† (3.5–5.5)

0.5 (0.4–0.8)

 

Hypertension

    

<0.001

   No

2657

147

5.5 (4.7–6.5)

1

 

   Yes

631

88

14.0‡ (11.3–16.9)

1.9 (1.4–2.6)

 

Obesity

    

<0.001

   Normal weight

1190

41

3.5 (2.5–4.6)

1

 

   Overweight

1346

86

6.4‡ (5.1–7.8)

1.7 (1.1–2.5)

 

   Obese

771

110

14.3‡ (11.9–16.9)

4.0 (2.7–5.8)

 

Abdominal obesity

    

0.001

   No

2225

98

4.4 (3.6–5.3)

1

 

   Yes

1038

135

13.0‡ (11.0–15.2)

1.4 (1.3–1.5)

 

High Triglyceride

    

<0.001

   No

2449

136

5.6 (4.7–6.5)

1

 

   Yes

858

101

11.8‡ (9.7–14.1)

2.0 (1.5–2.6)

 

Low HDL-cholesterol

    

0.04

   No

1001

61

6.1 (4.7–7.8)

1

 

   Yes

2306

176

7.6‡ (6.6–8.8)

1.4 (1.0–1.9)

 

Glucose tolerance category

     

Normal

3216

94

2.9 (2.4–3.6)

1

<0.001

Isolated IFG

60

12

20.0 (10.8–32.3) ‡

8.3 (4.2–16.5)

 

Isolated IGT

442

85

19.2 (15.7–23.2)

7.1 (5.1–9.8)

 

IFG/IGT

77

46

59.7 (47.9–70.8) ‡

42.2 (25.8–75.7)

 
  1. *Cumulative incidences were compared by Chi-squared test. Odds ratios were calculated by logistic regression analysis after controlling for age. For categorical variables with more than 2 values, the first category was considered as the reference and the p-value is for linear trend in risk.
  2. Obesity: BMI<25 (normal), 25–29.9 (overweight) and ≥ 30 kg/m2 (obese), Abdominal obesity: waist circumference>88 or >102 cm in females and males respectively, Hypertension: Blood pressure ≥ 140/90 and/or taking of antihypertensive medication, High TG:Triglyderide>2.2 mmol/l, Low HDL: HDL-cholesterol <1.0 or <1.3 mmol/l in males and females respectively, Isolated IFG: FPG 6.1–6.9 and 2 hPG<7.8 mmol/l, Isolated IGT:FPG<6.1 and 2-hours plasma glucose 7.8–11 mmol/l, IFG/IGT: FPG 6.1–6.9 and 2 hPG 7.8–11 mmol/l.
  3. † and ‡ represent P < 0.05 and P < 0.001 in comparison to the preceding category.
Back to article page

BMC Public Health

ISSN: 1471-2458

Contact us