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Table 3 Regression equation for the influence of age, gender, and country on each ASE determinant

From: Mediated, moderated and direct effects of country of residence, age, and gender on the cognitive and social determinants of adolescent smoking in Spain and the UK: a cross-sectional study

 

Advantages

Disadvantages

Social

acceptance

Social norms

Modelling

Perceived

pressure

Self-efficacy

 

B

(95%CI)

B

(95%CI)

B

(95%CI)

B

(95%CI)

B

(95%CI)

B

(95%CI)

B

(95%CI)

Country, age

and gender

       

   UK females

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.00

   UK males

0.00

-0.06

0.06

-0.14

-0.02

-0.13

0.07

   Spanish females

0.19

0.08

1.64

0.09

-0.16

0.17

1.83

   Spanish males

0.27

0.28

1.34

0.24

-0.01

0.29

1.92

Main effects

and interaction

terms

       

   Gender

       

   Male

0.00

(-0.05–0.06)

-0.06

(-0.12–-0.01)*

0.06

(-0.01–0.12)

-0.14

(-0.20–-0.08)***

-0.02

(-0.07–0.04)

-0.13

(-0.16–-0.10)***

0.07

(-0.03–0.17)

   Country

       

   Spain

0.19

(0.12–0.26)***

0.08

(0.01–0.16)*

1.64

(1.55–1.74)***

0.09

(0.01–0.18)*

-0.16

(-0.23–-0.09)***

0.17

(0.12–0.21)***

1.83

(1.70–1.96)***

   Gender * country

       

   Males * Spain

0.08

(0.00–0.15)*

0.20

(0.12–0.28)***

-0.30

(-0.40–-0.20)***

0.15

(0.06–0.23)**

0.15

(0.07–0.22)***

0.12

(0.07–0.16)***

0.09

(-0.04–0.23)

  1. * < 0.05
  2. ** < 0.01
  3. *** < 0.001
  4. † Combines country main effects, gender main effects, and country × gender interactions