Table 3 Matched sets according to the exposure status of the suspected typhoid cases (n = 65) and controls (n = 65), South Dumdum municipality, "North 24 Parganas" District, West Bengal, India, February 2007
Number of case control pairs according to exposure status | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristics | Concordant | Discordant | Matched odds ratio (95% CI)1 | |||
Case exposed | Case unexposed | Case exposed | Case unexposed | |||
Demographic status | Sex | 12 | 25 | 13 | 15 | 0.87 (0.41–1.8) |
Education > secondary | 46 | 1 | 4 | 14 | 0.28 (0.09–0.87) | |
Household > 4 members | 8 | 26 | 25 | 6 | 4.2 (1.7–11.1) | |
Monthly family income < 1500 INR | 1 | 50 | 12 | 2 | 6.0 (1.3–26.8) | |
Anyone ill in neighborhood | 11 | 19 | 25 | 10 | 2.5 (1.2–5.2) | |
Food habits | Eating outside | 30 | 2 | 20 | 13 | 1.5 (0.8–3.1) |
Food from sweet shop 2 | 10 | 19 | 31 | 5 | 6.2 (2.4–16) | |
Food from shop S | 1 | 48 | 9 | 7 | 1.3 (0.48–3.5) | |
Food from shop G | 7 | 30 | 9 | 19 | 0.47 (0.20–1.0) | |
Sweets | 11 | 19 | 19 | 16 | 1.2 (0.60–2.3) | |
Curd | 6 | 31 | 17 | 11 | 1.5 (0.72–3.3) | |
Paratha | 1 | 42 | 15 | 7 | 2.1 (0.87–5.3) | |
Street ghugni | 0 | 43 | 14 | 8 | 1.8 (0.73–4.2) | |
Street pickle | 0 | 58 | 3 | 4 | 0.75 (0.17–3.4) | |
Street panipuri | 8 | 30 | 14 | 13 | 1.1 (0.50–2.3) | |
Ice cream | 7 | 28 | 18 | 12 | 1.5 (0.72–3.1) | |
Use of spoon to serve food | 23 | 3 | 1 | 38 | 0.03 (0–0.2) | |
Drinking water | Piped water only | 10 | 22 | 29 | 4 | 7.3 (2.5–21) |
Tube well water only | 34 | 11 | 4 | 16 | 0.25 (0.08–0.75) | |
Purification | 3 | 36 | 8 | 18 | 0.44 (0.19–1.0) | |
Covered container | 44 | 1 | 4 | 16 | 0.25 (0.08–0.75) | |
Narrow mouth container | 5 | 29 | 8 | 23 | 0.35 (0.15–0.76) | |
Hygienic practices | Soap hand wash before food | 41 | 1 | 15 | 8 | 1.9 (0.80–4.4) |
Soap hand wash after defecation | 38 | 1 | 6 | 20 | 0.30 (0.12–0.75) | |
Soap hand after urination | 9 | 16 | 3 | 37 | 0.08 (0.03–0.26) | |