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Table 3 Age-adjusted health status and behavioral health risk characteristics of Spanish-dominant, Bilingual, and English-dominant Latinos Aged 25–64 Years

From: Health-related characteristics and preferred methods of receiving health education according to dominant language among Latinos Aged 25 to 64 in a large Northern California health plan

 

Women

Men

Health Characteristics

Spanish-

dominant

(n = 78)

% (se)

Bilingual

(n = 99)

% (se)

English-

dominant

(n = 433)

% (se)

Spanish-

dominant

(n = 93)

% (se)

Bilingual

(n = 87)

% (se)

English-

dominant

(n = 301)

% (se)

Health Status

      

Self-reported overall health

      

   Very Good/Excellent

14.5 (3.6) ****, d

39.5 (5.3) ****

48.9 (2.6)

23.7 (5.9) ****, b

50.0 (6.1)

53.2 (3.3)

   ≥ Good

42.6 (6.3) ****

90.4 (2.8)

90.5 (1.5)

50.2 (6.4) ****, d

87.2 (4.7)

89.2 (2.1)

   Fair/"Regular"1

56.9 (6.4) ****, d

9.6 (2.8)

8.2 (1.5)

46.4 (6.4) ****, d

12.8 (4.7)

9.7 (2.0)

Self-reported mental and emotional health

      

   Very Good/Excellent

34.6 (7.1) **, a

56.9 (5.7)

54.3 (2.6)

30.1 (6.5) ****, d

63.9 (6.2)

61.3 (3.2)

   ≥ Good

67.9 (6.4) *, a

86.3 (3.8)

84.1 (1.9)

76.7 (5.8) *

90.2 (4.8)

90.1 (1.9)

Diabetes

10.6 (4.0)

13.1 (4.0)

8.1 (1.4)

11.8 (4.0)

13.7 (4.0)

11.2 (1.8)

High Blood Pressure

17.3 (4.9)

14.4 (3.3)

14.3 (1.7)

14.5 (4.0)

16.3 (4.1)

19.1 (2.2)

High Cholesterol

12.7 (4.2)

5.8 (2.1)

9.0 (1.4)

18.6 (3.9)

16.7 (4.2)

14.7 (1.9)

Heartburn or acid reflux

27.5 (6.2) **, a

10.9 (3.5)

10.3 (1.6)

25.4 (5.4) **, b

6.7 (2.8)

8.3 (1.9)

Back Pain

31.3 (6.5) **, b

9.0 (3.1)

9.6 (1.6)

17.9 (5.0)

9.3 (3.1)

15.5 (2.5)

Depression

21.1 (5.5)

10.9 (3.6)

13.3 (1.7)

9.1 (2.9)

6.1 (2.9)

10.5 (2.0)

Behavioral Health Risks

      

Current Smoker

5.4 (2.4)

2.6 (1.9) *

7.4 (1.3)

15.5 (6.4)

8.3 (3.7)

10.1 (1.9)

Overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)

67.7 (6.8)

67.4 (5.4)

67.3 (2.5)

81.5 (5.6)

84.3 (4.4)

81.9 (2.3)

Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)

28.4 (6.5)

33.5 (5.5)

37.4 (2.6)

20.1 (5.4) **

27.5 (5.8)

37.8 (3.3)

Exercises < once/week

45.3 (7.2) **, a

23.4 (5.1)

22.2 (2.2)

32.0 (6.1)

19.9 (5.0)

20.8 (2.7)

Exercises ≥ 3 times/week

31.4 (6.7) *

39.9 (5.5)

46.7 (2.6)

37.3 (7.1) *

35.5 (6.0)

56.8 (3.3)

Usually tries to eat reduced fat foods

42.9 (6.8)

33.5 (5.1)

33.8 (2.5)

40.2 (6.5)

30.9 (5.4)

32.1 (3.1)

Usually eats ≥ 3 servings fruit/vegetables per day

43.2 (7.3)a

25.4 (4.5) **

40.5 (2.5)

34.0 (6.5)

28.3 (5.6)

21.8 (2.7)

Takes a daily multivitamin

19.2 (4.7) ****, a

34.3 (5.3)

45.9 (2.6)

22.3 (5.8) *

35.5 (5.8)

35.9 (3.2)

Belief about relationship of behavior/lifestyle and health

      

   Have large effect

51.4 (6.9) ****

58.2 (5.5) ****

88.3 (1.7)

35.3 (6.3) ****

39.9 (5.9) ****

84.3 (2.4)

   Have little or no effect

36.4 (6.7) ****

27.0 (4.9) ****

4.0 (1.0)

51.2 (6.5) ****

35.1 (5.8) ****

7.5 (1.9)

  1. 1 On English form, "Fair " was between Good and Poor; on Spanish form, "Regular" was between "Bueno" and Malo".
  2. * p < 05; ** p < .01; *** p < 001; ****p < .0001 by t-test, Spanish-dominant and Bilingual compared to English-dominant.
  3. a p < 05; b p < .01; c p < 001; d p < .0001 by t-test, Spanish-dominant compared to Bilingual