The rate of TB-HIV co-infection depends on the prevalence of HIV infection in a community

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Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics and HIV status of TB patients, southern Ethiopia, 2004 – 2005

Variables		TB Patients without HIV (N = 1035), n (%)	TB patients with HIV (N = 226), n (%)	OR (95%CI)	P-value	AOR (95%CI)	P-value
Age	Mean (SD)	29.24 (9.85)	28.29 (13.77)
Gender	Male	581(82.1)	127 (17.9)	1
	Female	445 (82.1)	97 (17.9)	0.99 (0.75 – 1.34)	0.985
Residence	Rural	796 (84.2)	149 (15.8)	1
	Urban	225 (75.5)	73 (24.5)	1.73 (1.26 – 2.38)		1.77 (1.28 – 2.46)	0.001
Age group	0 – 14	109 (90.8)	11 (9.2)	1
	15 – 24	344 (88.0)	47 (12.0)	1.35 (0.68 – 2.70)		2.01 (0.54 – 7.49)	0.301
	25 – 34	267 (73.4)	97 (26.6)	3.60 (1.86 – 6.98)		2.54 (0.76 – 8.46)	0.129
	35 – 44	153 (76.9)	46 (23.1)	2.98 (1.48 – 6.01)		7.10 (2.17 – 23.26)	0.001
	45 – 54	113 (86.9)	17 (13.1)	1.76 (0.78 – 3.93)		5.78 (1.72 – 19.38)	0.005
	≥ 55	57 (95.0)	3 (5.0)	0.52 (0.14 – 1.95)		3.34 (0.94 – 11.93)	0.063
TB classification	PTB +ve	434 (82.5)	92 (17.5)	1
	PTB -ve	354 (81.9)	78 (18.1)	1.04 (0.75 – 1.45)	0.82
	EPTB	243 (81.8)	54 (18.2)	1.05 (0.72 – 1.52)	0.803
TB category	New	956 (82.6)	202 (17.4)	1
	RFDO	32 (74.4)	11 (25.6)	1.61(0.79 – 3.24)	0.184

TB = Tuberculosis, HIV = Human immunodeficiency virus, OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, AOR = adjusted OR for age and residence
SD = standard deviation, PTB +ve = smear positive pulmonary TB, PTB -ve = smear negative pulmonary TB, EPTB = extrapulmonary TB, R = relapse,
F = failure, D = return after default, O = others. Missing variables: age – 15 (1.2%), sex – 12(0.9%), address – 21(1.6%), disease classification – 7(0.5%), disease category – 58(4.4%), HIV result – 47(3.6%), sex & HIV result – 58(4.4%), age group and HIV – 61(4.7%), address and HIV – 21(1.6%), disease classification and HIV – 53(4.1%) and age category and HIV- 61(4.7%).

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