Table 6 Multivariable regression models for the SF-36 summary scores and the EQ VAS score versus chronic diseases and demographic characteristics

Chronic diseases

   Hypertension

-1.131(1.457)

0.438

2.613(1.696)

0.124

1.279(2.871)

0.656

   Diabetes

-1.282(2.297)

0.577

5.236(2.674)

0.051

6.196(4.523)

0.172

   Asthma/COPD

-4.299(2.370)

0.070

-0.394(2.758)

0.886

-8.833(4.997)

0.078

   Heart disease

-2.994(2.193)

0.173

-0.135(2.553)

0.958

-2.077(4.492)

0.644

   OA knee

-11.009(4.092)

0.007

8.918(4.763)

0.062

0.315(9.433)

0.973

   Other joint diseases

-5.339(3.339)

0.111

-0.260(3.886)

0.947

-8.303(7.007)

0.237

   Depression

-1.255(2.197)

0.568

-8.664(2.557)

0.001

-11.222(4.460)

0.012

   Cancer

-1.912(2.994)

0.523

-0.936(3.485)

0.788

-16.312(5.845)

0.006

   Back pain

-5.126(1.332)

<0.001

3.322(1.550)

0.033

0.089(2.688)

0.974

   Polyarthritis

-6.960(4.046)

0.086

5.458(4.710)

0.247

-7.721(8.817)

0.382

   Other mental illness

2.586(3.297)

0.433

-6.999(3.838)

0.069

-6.841(6.174)

0.269

   Migraine

-2.616(3.120)

0.402

1.364(3.631)

0.707

4.457(6.830)

0.514

Demographic characteristics

   Self-illness

-3.001(1.120)

0.008

-5.566(1.304)

<0.001

-6.913(2.256)

0.002

   Illness-family members

-1.568(1.166)

0.179

1.545(1.357)

0.255

1.098(2.351)

0.641

   Gender

0.654(1.124)

0.561

-1.545(1.308)

0.238

-2.450(2.223)

0.271

   Age

-0.118(0.057)

0.039

0.065(0.067)

0.328

-0.004(0.114)

0.973

   High school or more education or a professional certificate

2.153(1.608)

0.181

2.254(1.872)

0.229

6.737(3.337)

0.044

   Academic degree or qualification

0.654(1.184)

0.581

-0.251(1.378)

0.856

-1.449(2.389)

0.544

Marital status (now married as reference)

   Never married

-3.923(1.455)

0.007

-1.603(1.693)

0.345

-5.557(2.805)

0.048

   Widowed

-4.316(2.395)

0.072

2.474(2.787)

0.375

-7.208(4.972)

0.148

   Divorced/separated

0.403(2.046)

0.844

-7.951(2.382)

0.001

-5.603(4.062)

0.169

Smoke(no smoker as reference)

   Smoker

-1.632(1.224)

0.183

-0.518(1.425)

0.716

-3.372(2.468)

0.173

   Ex-smoker

-1.249(1.206)

0.301

-0.966(1.403)

0.492

-3.357(2.407)

0.164

Employment (employed or self-employed as reference)

   Retired

-0.531(2.004)

0.791

0.021(2.333)

0.993

-6.745(3.881)

0.083

   Keeping house

-2.283(1.649)

0.167

-0.065(1.919)

0.973

0.552(3.359)

0.869

   Student

1.699(1.927)

0.378

-1.632(2.242)

0.467

2.514(3.798)

0.508

   Seeking work

-6.156(2.686)

0.022

0.218(3.127)

0.945

-9.265(5.160)

0.073

   Other

3.958(9.594)

0.680

3.817(11.167)

0.733

4.144(18.964)

0.827

Medical insurance (statutory medical insurance as reference)

   Commercial medical insurance

0.005(1.464)

0.997

1.996(1.704)

0.242

0.943(2.965)

0.751

   Other

2.402(3.243)

0.459

0.181(3.774)

0.962

-4.325(6.417)

0.501

Constant

56.343(3.229)

<0.001

43.542(3.759)

<0.001

74.474(6.480)

<0.001

F value

4.292

<0.001

3.247

<0.001

2.565

<0.001

R-square

0.256

0.207

0.175