VARIABLE | Unadjusted | Adjusted* | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | OR | 95% CI | p | OR | 95% CI | p | ||
COMMUNITY LEVEL | ||||||||
Cluster type | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Urban | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Rural | 1.34 | 1.03 | 1.72 | 0.03 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Region | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Bali/South Sulawesi/Jambi | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
Sumatera excl. Jambi | 1.98 | 0.99 | 3.98 | 0.05 | 2.31 | 0.91 | 5.86 | 0.08 |
DKI Jakarta/West Java/Banten | 1.89 | 0.95 | 3.75 | 0.07 | 2.17 | 0.87 | 5.39 | 0.10 |
Central Java/DI Yogyakarta | 1.54 | 0.73 | 3.27 | 0.26 | 2.36 | 0.91 | 6.14 | 0.08 |
East Java | 2.64 | 1.30 | 5.35 | 0.01 | 5.01 | 2.00 | 12.59 | 0.00 |
NTB/NTT | 1.59 | 0.64 | 3.91 | 0.32 | 1.16 | 0.34 | 4.00 | 0.81 |
Kalimantan | 2.01 | 0.9 | 4.47 | 0.09 | 1.87 | 0.63 | 5.54 | 0.26 |
North, Central and Southeast Sulawesi/Gorontalo | 2.57 | 1.12 | 5.92 | 0.03 | 3.17 | 1.11 | 9.02 | 0.03 |
Mean maternal education in the cluster | 0.94 | 0.89 | 0.99 | 0.01 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mean paternal education in the cluster | 0.98 | 0.95 | 1.02 | 0.29 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mean household wealth index in the cluster | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.01 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mean number of antenatal care visits in the cluster | 0.90 | 0.85 | 0.95 | 0.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Percentage of newborns receiving postnatal care in the cluster | 0.35 | 0.18 | 0.69 | 0.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Percentage of deliveries assisted by trained birth attendants in the cluster | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
<25 per cent | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
25 per cent – 49 per cent | 0.89 | 0.60 | 1.32 | 0.57 | 1.03 | 0.65 | 1.65 | 0.90 |
50 per cent – 74 per cent | 0.79 | 0.54 | 1.17 | 0.24 | 0.78 | 0.48 | 1.26 | 0.31 |
75 per cent – 87.4 per cent | 0.53 | 0.33 | 0.84 | 0.01 | 0.47 | 0.26 | 0.84 | 0.01 |
≥ 87.5 per cent | 0.51 | 0.36 | 0.73 | 0.00 | 0.40 | 0.25 | 0.63 | 0.00 |
SOCIO ECONOMIC DETERMINANTS | ||||||||
Maternal marital status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Currently married | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Formerly married | 1.00 | 0.42 | 2.36 | 0.99 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Maternal religion | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Moslem | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Christian | 0.53 | 0.30 | 0.95 | 0.03 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Other | 1.13 | 0.49 | 2.62 | 0.78 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Maternal education | 0.97 | 0.94 | 1.00 | 0.07 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Paternal education | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.05 | 0.35 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Parental occupation | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Mother without a job outside the home and father employed | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
Mother and father employed | 1.47 | 1.14 | 1.89 | 0.00 | 1.84 | 1.35 | 2.50 | 0.00 |
Father unemployed | 1.57 | 0.64 | 3.89 | 0.33 | 2.99 | 1.18 | 7.55 | 0.02 |
Paternal age when married | 1.01 | 0.98 | 1.04 | 0.52 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Household wealth index | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 0.01 | 0.99 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.61 |
PROXIMATE DETERMINANTS | ||||||||
Maternal age at child birth | 0.98 | 0.97 | 1.00 | 0.14 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 1.02 | 0.48 |
Sex | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Female | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
Male | 1.25 | 0.98 | 1.61 | 0.08 | 1.49 | 1.10 | 2.02 | 0.01 |
Birth weight | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
2500 – 3500 grams | 1.00 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
< 2500 grams | 6.27 | 4.15 | 9.46 | 0.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
> 3500 grams | 0.75 | 0.42 | 1.36 | 0.35 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Not weighed | 3.32 | 2.41 | 4.57 | 0.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Birth size | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Average | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
Smaller than average | 2.96 | 2.13 | 4.11 | 0.00 | 2.80 | 1.98 | 3.98 | 0.00 |
Larger than average | 0.81 | 0.55 | 1.18 | 0.26 | 0.85 | 0.58 | 1.25 | 0.41 |
Birth rank and birth interval | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
2nd or 3rd birth rank, birth interval >2 yrs | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
1st birth rank | 1.48 | 1.09 | 2.00 | 0.01 | 1.21 | 0.79 | 1.83 | 0.38 |
2nd or 3rd birth rank, birth interval ≤ 2 yrs | 1.89 | 1.18 | 3.02 | 0.01 | 1.90 | 1.07 | 3.38 | 0.03 |
≥ 4th birth rank, birth interval >2 yrs | 1.32 | 0.91 | 1.93 | 0.15 | 1.12 | 0.67 | 1.87 | 0.68 |
≥ 4th birth rank, birth interval ≤ 2 yrs | 3.11 | 1.84 | 5.26 | 0.00 | 2.82 | 1.46 | 5.46 | 0.00 |
Desire for pregnancy | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Wanted then | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Wanted later | 1.18 | 0.76 | 1.84 | 0.47 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Wanted no more | 1.30 | 0.80 | 2.11 | 0.29 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Delivery assistance | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Health professional | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
TBA/other | 1.21 | 0.91 | 1.60 | 0.20 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Delivery complications | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
None | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
Prolonged labor | 0.80 | 0.55 | 1.18 | 0.26 | 0.70 | 0.46 | 1.07 | 0.10 |
Other | 2.04 | 1.45 | 2.86 | 0.00 | 1.81 | 1.25 | 2.63 | 0.00 |
Mode of delivery | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Non-Caesarean section | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Caesarean section | 0.95 | 0.49 | 1.82 | 0.88 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Place of delivery | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Home | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Health facility | 0.90 | 0.68 | 1.20 | 0.48 | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Postnatal care | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
No | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â | 1.00 | Â | Â | Â |
Yes | 0.48 | 0.34 | 0.67 | 0.00 | 0.63 | 0.42 | 0.95 | 0.03 |