Mental health (GHQ12; CES-D) and attitudes towards the value of work among inmates of a semi-open prison and the long-term unemployed in Luxembourg

Table 2 Mental health, psychological and sociological profiles of prison inmates and of the unemployed.

	Unemployed (N = 69)		Prison inmates (N = 52)		p¹	1-β² \|Δ\|³ = 5	1-β \|Δ\| = 10	1-β Obs⁴
	M⁵	SD⁶	M	SD
General Health Questionnaire score [0–100]	43.2	[21.4]	47.8	[10.3]	0.154	0.400	0.927	0.349
Depression: Global score [0–100]	32.4	[19.1]	32.2	[17.2]	0.953	0.318	0.844	0.050
- factor: Interpersonal difficulties [0–100]	20.5	[23.8]	22.4	[24.7]	0.669	0.200	0.606	0.071
- factor: Depressive mood [0–100]	29.0	[23.3]	28.9	[19.7]	0.985	0.242	0.711	0.050
- factor: Lack of well-being [0–100]	48.7	[23.9]	39.9	[22.5]	0.043	0.214	0.644	0.533
- factor: Recovery [0–100]	30.0	[19.1]	34.5	[22.8]	0.244	0.252	0.732	0.210
Self-esteem [0–100]	65.5	[17.5]	75.6	[16.1]	0.001	0.363	0.896	0.904
Social network; availability of social support [0–100]	42.4	[24.3]	50.8	[24.8]	0.068	0.196	0.595	0.455
Importance of professional role [0–100]	73.8	[14.9]	78.0	[15.3]	0.130	0.434	0.948	0.329
Empowerment [0–100]	62.1	[12.2]	69.8	[8.8]	< 0.001	0.730	0.999	0.977
- factor:: Self-esteem/self-efficacy [0–100]	70.9	[19.1]	82.7	[12.5]	< 0.001	0.401	0.928	0.981
- factor: Power-powerlessness [0–100]	47.9	[13.4]	46.3	[17.8]	0.566	0.410	0.934	0.087
- factor: Community activism and autonomy [0–100]	73.9	[14.7]	83.8	[13.9]	< 0.001	0.473	0.966	0.964
- factor: Optimism and control over future [0–100]	61.6	[16.4]	77.7	[14.9]	< 0.001	0.407	0.932	1.000
- factor: Righteous anger [0–100]	45.0	[12.6]	45.8	[22.0]	0.805	0.345	0.877	0.057

¹p: Significance level of Student's t-test; ²1-β: Power of Student's t-test for given absolute value of the difference; ³|Δ|: Absolute value of the difference; ⁴1-β Obs: Observed power of the Student's t-test; ⁵M: Mean; ⁶SD: Standard deviation.

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