From: Adverse childhood experiences and prescription drug use in a cohort study of adult HMO patients
 | Prescription drug rates | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
ACE Score | Rate PPPY* | Model A RR†(95% CI) | Model B RR‡ (95% CI) | % Decrease due to mediation |
   0 | 8.41 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ··· |
   1 | 9.40 | 1.06 (1.01–1.11) | 1.02 (0.98–1.07) | 67 |
   2 | 9.96 | 1.13 (1.07–1.19) | 1.04 (0.99–1.10) | 69 |
   3 | 10.28 | 1.15 (1.08–1.23) | 1.05 (0.99–1.12) | 67 |
   4 | 11.58 | 1.25 (1.16–1.35) | 1.06 (0.98–1.15) | 76 |
   5 or more | 12.05 | 1.44 (1.33–1.56) | 1.13 (1.05–1.23) | 70 |
Overall | 9.59 | Â | Â | Â |
p-value, trend | Â | < 0.0001 | 0.0016 | Median = 69 |
 | Multiple prescription medication classes | |||
ACE Score | Proportion in Top Decile* | Model A OR†(95% CI) | Model B OR‡ (95% CI) | % Decrease due to mediation |
   0 | 10.84 | 1.00 (referent) | 1.00 (referent) | ··· |
   1 | 13.49 | 1.19 (1.05–1.35) | 1.14 (1.00–1.29) | 26 |
   2 | 14.19 | 1.24 (1.08–1.43) | 1.08 (0.93–1.26) | 67 |
   3 | 15.70 | 1.33 (1.13–1.58) | 1.11 (0.93–1.33) | 67 |
   4 | 17.76 | 1.57 (1.30–1.90) | 1.22 (1.00–1.50) | 61 |
   5 or more | 20.71 | 2.00 (1.67–2.40) | 1.41 (1.15–1.73) | 59 |
Overall | 14.05 | Â | Â | Â |
p-value, trend | Â | < 0.0001 | 0.0026 | Median = 61 |