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Table 1 Prevalence of having tried and being a regular waterpipe user by demographic characteristics and cigarette use

From: Waterpipe smoking in students: Prevalence, risk factors, symptoms of addiction, and smoke intake. Evidence from one British university

  

Ever use (n = 937 all students)

Regular use (n = 355 all who tried waterpipes)

 

Totals

n (%)

Unadjusted OR (95%CI)

Adjusted OR (95%CI)2

n (%)

Unadjusted OR (95%CI)

Adjusted OR (95%CI)2

Age

 

N/A

1.02 (0.97–1.07)1

1.00 (0.94–1.06)

N/A

0.91 (0.77–1.07)

0.90 (0.74–1.10)

Gender

       

   Female

544 (58.1)

193 (35.5%)

1.00

1.00

32 (16.6%)

1.00

1.00

   Male

393 (41.9)

162 (41.2%)

1.28 (0.98–1.67)

1.49 (1.10–2.01)

43 (26.5%)

1.82 (1.09–3.04)

1.86 (1.07–3.23)

Ethnic group

       

   White

675 (72.0)

257 (38.1%)

1.00

1.00

48 (18.7%)

1.00

1.00

   Asian

159 (17.0)

65 (40.9%)

1.13 (0.79–1.60)

1.21 (0.83–1.75)

16 (24.6%)

1.42 (0.75–2.71)

1.65 (0.85–3.23)

   Chinese

36 (3.8)

5 (13.9%)

0.26 (0.10–0.68)

0.21 (0.08–0.56)

2 (40.0%)

2.90 (0.47–17.85)

2.51 (0.38–16.82)

   Black

46 (4.9)

12 (26.1%)

0.57 (0.29–1.13)

0.61 (0.30–1.24)

3 (25.0%)

1.45 (0.38–5.56)

1.32 (0.33–5.36)

   Arab

16 (1.7)

13 (81.3%)

7.05 (1.99–24.97)

6.44 (1.73–23.94)

5 (38.5%)

2.72 (0.85–8.69)

2.51 (0.74–8.51)

   Other

5 (0.5)

3 (60.0%)

2.44 (0.41–14.70)

2.38 (0.33–17.02)

1 (33.3%)

2.18 (0.19–24.50)

1.80 (0.12–26.90)

Year of course

       

   1

350 (37.4)

101 (28.9%)

1.00

1.00

23 (22.8%)

1.00

1.00

   2

372 (39.7)

158 (42.5%)

1.82 (1.34–2.48)

2.26 (1.61–3.18)

31 (19.6%)

0.83 (0.45–1.52)

1.25 (0.63–2.47)

   3

215 (22.9)

96 (44.7%)

1.99 (1.40–2.84)

2.63 (1.74–3.96)

21 (21.9%)

0.95 (0.49–1.86)

1.79 (0.78–4.09)

Cig smoking

       

   No

849 (90.6)

286 (33.7%)

1.00

1.00

49 (17.1%)

1.00

1.00

   Yes

88 (9.4)

69 (78.4%)

7.15 (4.22–12.11)

8.06 (4.63–14.01)

26 (37.7%)

2.93 (1.64–5.20)

2.77 (1.52–5.06)

  1. 1 For a 1 year increase in age.
  2. 2 Adjusted for all variables listed in table